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      Pengaruh Transformasi Struktural terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Sektor Pertanian Antarprovinsi di Indonesia

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Ramadhayanti, Magfira
      Asmara, Alla
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      Abstract
      Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja pada sektor pertanian setelah adanya transformasi struktural. Transformasi struktural diidentifikasi melalui perubahan kontribusi sektor primer, sekunder, dan tersier terhadap PDB serta penyerapan tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dari 34 provinsi dan tahun 2018-2023 dengan metode Tipologi Klassen untuk mengelompokkan provinsi berdasarkan kinerja sektor pertanian dan metode regresi untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pertanian. Hasil Tipologi Klassen menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan rata-rata pertumbuhan PDRB dan pangsa tenaga kerja sektor pertanian nasional, namun terdapat ketimpangan posisi antarprovinsi. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa variabel pangsa PDRB sektor pertanian, konsumsi pangan, rasio upah sektor pertanian terhadap sektor non-pertanian, jumlah penduduk, dan pandemi COVID-19 berpengaruh positif terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja. Sebaliknya, rata-rata upah sektor pertanian, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan investasi sektor pertanian berpengaruh negatif. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa transformasi struktural belum sepenuhnya disertai dengan transformasi ketenagakerjaan yang optimal.
       
      This study aims to analyze what factors affect labor absorption in the agricultural sector after structural transformation. Structural transformation is identified through changes in the contribution of the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors to GDP and employment. This study uses panel data from 34 provinces and the years 2018-2023 with the Klassen Typology method to group provinces based on agricultural sector performance and the regression method to analyze the factors that affect agricultural sector employment. The Klassen Typology results show that there is a decrease in the average growth of GRDP and the share of national agricultural sector employment, but there is an imbalance in the position between provinces. The regression results show that the variables of agricultural sector GRDP share, food consumption, the ratio of agricultural to non-agricultural sector wages, population, and the COVID-19 pandemic have a positive effect on employment. In contrast, average agricultural wages, average years of schooling, and agricultural investment have a negative effect. These results suggest that structural transformation has not been fully accompanied by optimal employment transformation.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/164565
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3209]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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