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      Analisis Pengaruh Kinerja Bank Pembangunan Daerah terhadap Penyaluran Kredit UMKM di Indonesia Periode 2014 - 2023

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Rizal, Amanda Pratiwi
      Hasanah, Heni
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      Abstract
      Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) merupakan sektor penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, namun masih menghadapi kendala pembiayaan. Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) sebagai bank dengan kedekatan geografis dan kultural terhadap pelaku UMKM, berperan strategis dalam mendukung pembiayaan ini. Untuk menjalankan peran secara optimal, BPD perlu mengelola faktor-faktor internal yang memengaruhi efektivitas penyaluran kredit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeksripsikan perkembangan kredit UMKM di Indonesia, menganalisis pengaruh kinerja BPD terhadap kredit UMKM, serta menguji peran moderasi jumlah IMK. Menggunakan metode regresi data panel pada 15 BPD Konvensional periode 2014 – 2023, hasil menunjukkan bahwa rasio KPMM, NIM, dan LDR oleh BPD berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit UMKM, sedangkan ROA berpengaruh negatif signifikan. Faktor eksternal seperti PDRB dan jumlah IMK berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit UMKM, lalu SBDK berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Sementara itu, NPL gross, inflasi, dan pandemi COVID-19 tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan secara statistik. Jumlah IMK terbukti memoderasi pengaruh NIM secara negatif, mengindikasikan penurunan efektivitas NIM dalam mendorong penyaluran kredit UMKM di provinsi dengan jumlah IMK tinggi.
       
      Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are a strategic sector of Indonesia’s economy but still face financing barriers. Regional Development Banks (RDBs), with their geographic and cultural proximity to MSMEs, play a strategic role in addressing this issue. To function effectively, RDBs must manage internal factors affecting credit distribution. This study aims to describe MSME credit trends, examine the effect of RDB performance on MSME credit, and test the moderating role of the number of Micro and Small Industries (IMK). Using panel data regression on 15 conventional regional bank from 2014 to 2023, the results show that CAR, NIM, and LDR have a significant positive effect, while ROA has a significant negative effect on MSME credit. GRDP and the number of IMK also show significant positive effect, while SBDK has a significant negative effect. Gross NPL, Inflation, and the COVID-19 pandemic do not show a statistically significant effect. Furthermore, the number of IMK significantly and negatively moderates the effect of NIM, indicating reduced NIM effectiveness in provinces with more IMKs.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/164335
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3209]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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