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      Pengaruh Kebijakan Upah Minimum dan Faktor Makroekonomi Lainnya terhadap Kemiskinan di Pulau Jawa

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Amalia, Dewi
      Ahmad, Fahmi Salam
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      Abstract
      Kemiskinan masih menjadi tantangan utama di Pulau Jawa meskipun wilayah ini merupakan pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Salah satu kebijakan yang diharapkan dapat menekan angka kemiskinan adalah kebijakan upah minimum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh upah minimum dan faktor makroekonomi lainnya seperti tingkat pengangguran terbuka, pendapatan bersih pekerja informal, pembentukan modal tetap bruto, angka harapan hidup dan rata- rata lama sekolah terhadap kemiskinan di kabupaten/kota di Pulau Jawa periode tahun 2019 hingga 2023. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa upah minimum berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kemiskinan. Pendapatan bersih pekerja informal dan pembentukan modal tetap bruto berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kemiskinan. Tingkat pengangguran terbuka, angka harapan hidup dan rata-rata lama sekolah tidak berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan dalam periode yang sama. Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya mendorong regulasi upah yang layak serta perluasan perlindungan sosial bagi pekerja informal yang belum terjangkau oleh kebijakan upah minimum.
       
      Poverty is still a major challenge in Java despite the fact that this region is the center of national economic growth. One policy that is expected to reduce poverty is the minimum wage policy. This study aims to analyze the effect of minimum wage and other macroeconomic factors such as open unemployment rate, net income of informal workers, gross fixed capital formation, life expectancy and average years of schooling on poverty in regencies/cities on Java Island for the period 2019 to 2023. The method used in this research is panel data regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach. The results of this study state that the minimum wage has a significant positive effect on poverty, the net income of informal workers and gross fixed capital formation have a significant negative effect on poverty. The open unemployment rate, life expectancy and average years of schooling have no effect on poverty in the same period. These findings indicate the need to promote decent wage regulations and expand social protection for informal workers who are not yet covered by minimum wage policies.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/164331
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3209]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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