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      “Pemetaan Tingkat Kerawanan Tsunami dan Perencanaan Titik Shelter serta Jalur Evakuasi di Pesisir Pantai Palabuhanratu

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      ZAFIRA, AURA PUTRI
      Sutoyo
      Putra, Heriansyah
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      Abstract
      Kecamatan Palabuhanratu memiliki tingkat kerawanan yang tinggi terhadap tsunami akibat aktivitas tektonik dan kepadatan penduduk pesisir memperbesar potensi korban dan kerugian sehingga diperlukan perencanaan titik shelter serta jalur evakuasi yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis luas wilayah dan jumlah penduduk yang tergenang tsunami dengan model ketinggian sebesar 10 m, 15 m, dan 20 m, mengidentifikasi jangkauan titik shelter tsunami yang direncanakan, dan mengetahui efektivitas jalur evakuasi menuju titik shelter tsunami di Kecamatan Palabuhanratu. Metode yang digunakan meliputi skoring dan pembobotan untuk pemetaan kerawanan serta Network Analyst untuk penentuan jalur evakuasi. Kelurahan Palabuhanratu memiliki area genangan terluas dan jumlah penduduk terdampak terbanyak untuk setiap model ketinggian, yaitu 1,78 km2 (10 m) menjadi 2,53 km2 (15 m) dan 3,11 km2 (20 m) untuk luas genangan wilayah serta 4.758 jiwa (10 m) menjadi 7.782 jiwa (15 m) dan 11.280 jiwa (20 m) untuk jumlah penduduk terdampak. Sebagian besar penduduk di Desa Citepus dan dan seluruh penduduk di Desa Jayanti berada lebih dari 1.350 m dari shelter dengan waktu tempuh di atas 30 menit yang menunjukkan keterbatasan fasilitas evakuasi. Sementara itu, di Desa Palabuhanratu, mayoritas penduduk dapat mencapai shelter dalam waktu kurang dari 20 menit meski masih banyak penduduk memiliki waktu tempuh di atas 20 menit pada kategori jauh dan sangat jauh. Sebanyak 11 rute evakuasi telah dirancang untuk menghubungkan titik awal evakuasi dengan shelter. Dua dari sebelas rute, yaitu rute dari Titik 5 dan Titik 6, masih memiliki jarak di atas 1.000 m dan waktu tempuh di atas 20 menit.
       
      The Palabuhanratu Sub-district is at high risk of tsunamis due to tectonic activity, and the high population density along its coastal areas increases the potential for casualties and economic losses, thereby requiring effective planning of shelter points and evacuation routes. This study aims to analyze the inundated area and affected population under tsunami run-up models of 10 m, 15 m, and 20 m, to identify the coverage of planned tsunami shelter points, and to assess the effectiveness of evacuation routes leading to these shelters in Palabuhanratu Sub district. The methodology involves scoring and weighting for hazard mapping and the use of Network Analyst to determine evacuation routes. Palabuhanratu Village has the largest inundated area and the highest number of affected residents for each tsunami scenario, with inundated areas increasing from 1.78 km² (10 m) to 2.53 km² (15 m) and 3.11 km² (20 m), and affected populations increasing from 4,758 people (10 m) to 7,782 people (15 m) and 11,280 people (20 m). Most residents in Citepus Village and all residents in Jayanti Village are located more than 1,350 meters from the nearest shelter, requiring more than 30 minutes of travel time, which indicates limited evacuation facilities. In contrast, the majority of residents in Palabuhanratu Village can reach shelters within 20 minutes, although many are still categorized as far and very far, requiring more than 20 minutes of travel time. A total of 11 evacuation routes have been designed to connect evacuation starting points to shelters. However, two of these routes, namely those starting from Point 5 and Point 6, remain over 1,000 meters in distance and require more than 20 minutes of travel time.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/163489
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      • UT - Civil and Environmental Engineering [1042]

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