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      Faktor Meteorologi dan Polutan pada Kebakaran Hutan di Lahan Gambut Wilayah Indonesia: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Agmaradha, Genaya
      Rohmawati, Fithriya Yulisiasih
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      Abstract
      Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki lahan gambut terluas di negara tropis dengan luas mencapai 14,9 juta hektar yang sebagian besar tersebar di Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan Papua. Kebakaran gambut melepaskan aerosol dalam jumlah besar dan menyebabkan kabut asap regional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh faktor meteorologi terhadap kebakaran gambut di Indonesia serta polutan yang dihasilkan pada kebakaran gambut tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka sistematis berdasarkan 11 literatur pada periode 2014 hingga 2023 dengan pendekatan Population, Exposure, Compare, dan Outcome (PECO). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor meteorologi yang paling memengaruhi kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut di Indonesia adalah curah hujan rendah (0,03 mm/hari) dan suhu udara tinggi (36?C), sedangkan kelembapan udara rendah dan kecepatan angin tinggi hanya memperluas dampak kebakaran. Jenis gas yang terdeteksi selama peristiwa kebakaran gambut terdiri dari CO2, CO, CH4, HCN, NH3, N2O, dan lain-lain. Kebakaran gambut di Indonesia berkontribusi signifikan terhadap emisi PM2,5 (55% dari total emisi kebakaran), dengan PM2,5 dan CO sebagai polutan terbanyak. Hasil penelitian ini dapat memperkuat sistem peringatan dini dan strategi mitigasi kebakaran gambut di masa depan.
       
      Indonesia is the country with the largest peatlands in tropical countries, covering an area of 14,9 million hectares, with most of these located in Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Papua. Peat fires release large amounts of aerosols and cause regional haze. This research aims to analyze the influence of meteorological factors on peat fires in Indonesia and the pollutants produced in these peat fires. The method used is a systematic literature review based on 11 pieces of literature in the period 2014 to 2023 using the Population, Exposure, Compare and Outcome (PECO) approach. The research results show that the meteorological factors that most influence forest and peatland fires in Indonesia are low rainfall (0,03 mm/day) and high air temperature (36?C), while low air humidity and high wind speed only expand the impact of fires. The types of gas detected during peat fires consisted of CO2, CO, CH4, HCN, NH3, N2O, and others. Peat fires in Indonesia contribute significantly to PM2,5 emissions (55% of total fire emissions), with PM2,5 and CO as the most pollutants. The results of this research can strengthen early warning systems and mitigation strategies for peat fires in the future.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/163431
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1718]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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