Kandungan Total Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Sembilan Aksesi Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus)

Abstract

Kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus) merupakan tanaman obat herbal tradisional yang telah terbukti mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif. Produksi senyawa bioaktif dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, salah satunya sumber aksesi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh aksesi kumis kucing terbaik berdasarkan kandungan total fenolik (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), dan aktivitas antioksidan. Sebanyak sembilan aksesi diekstraksi dengan etanol menggunakan metode microwave assisted extraction (MAE). TPC diukur menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteau, TFC dengan metode aluminium klorida, serta aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH dan FRAP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan TPC dan TFC tertinggi dimiliki oleh aksesi Parigi (17,845 mg GAE/g BK) dan Cijeunjing (4,962 mg QE/g BK). Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi metode DPPH dan FRAP secara berturut-turut dimiliki oleh aksesi Parigi (4,66 µmol TE/g BK) dan Sadananya (101,96 µmol TE/g BK). Korelasi positif kuat ditunjukkan oleh TPC dengan kapasitas antioksidan metode DPPH (r = 0,7647) dan FRAP (r = 0,7410), sedangkan korelasi negatif ditunjukkan oleh TFC dengan aktivitas antioksidan metode DPPH (r = -0,1770) dan FRAP (r= -0,1087). Aksesi terbaik dimiliki oleh aksesi Sadananya.

Java tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) is a traditional medicinal herb that has been proven to contain various bioactive compounds. The production of bioactive compounds is influenced by several factors, including accession source. This study aimed to determine the best O. aristatus accession based on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity. Nine accessions were extracted with 96% ethanol using the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method. TPC was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, TFC using the aluminum chloride method, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH and FRAP assays. The results showed that the highest TPC and TFC were found in Parigi (17,845 mg GAE/g DW) and Cijeunjing (4,962 mg QE/g DW) accessions, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity, as measured by the DPPH and FRAP methods, was observed in the Parigi (4,66 µmol TE/g DW) and Sadananya (101,96 µmol TE/g DW) accessions, respectively. Strong positive correlation results were shown by TPC with antioxidant capacity of DPPH method (r = 0,7647) and FRAP (r = 0,7410), while negative correlations were shown by TFC with antioxidant activity of DPPH method (r = -0,1770) and FRAP (r = -0,1087). The best accession best on result was Sadananya accessions.