Perencanaan Bangunan Resapan dengan Konsep Zero Runoff System (ZROS) di Dramaga Cantik Blok K-O

Abstract

Peningkatan pembangunan di kawasan permukiman turut memicu tingginya aliran permukaan akibat berkurangnya area resapan. Hal ini menjadi perhatian khusus di wilayah dengan curah hujan tinggi seperti Dramaga, Bogor. Studi ini bertujuan merancang struktur penyerapan air hujan menggunakan pendekatan Zero Runoff System sebagai alternatif sistem drainase yang lebih dapat menyesuaikan. Tahapan dilakukan melalui pengumpulan data hujan 20 tahun terakhir, analisis karakteristik tanah, hingga estimasi debit limpasan dan kapasitas resapan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode Log-Pearson III paling sesuai digunakan dengan hasil curah hujan rencana sebesar 128,43 mm. Tanpa adanya sistem resapan, aliran permukaan tercatat mencapai 206,92 m3/jam, namun dapat diminimalkan menjadi 134,59 m3/jam setelah implementasi sumur resapan. Dengan diameter 1,5 meter dan kedalaman 2,5 meter, dibutuhkan sebanyak 227 unit sumur untuk menampung total air limpasan sebesar 1.207,09 m3. Efektivitas sistem mencapai 55,35% dalam mereduksi volume limpasan. Estimasi biaya pembangunan seluruh unit sebesar Rp1.669.340.848,10. Penerapan konsep ini dinilai memberikan kontribusi nyata dalam pengurangan genangan serta penguatan cadangan air tanah secara lokal.

Increased development in residential areas has triggered high surface flows due to reduced infiltration areas. This is of particular concern in areas with high rainfall such as Dramaga, Bogor. This study aims to design a rainwater absorption structure using the Zero Runoff System approach as an alternative drainage system that is more adaptable. Stages were carried out through the collection of rain data for the last 20 years, analysis of soil characteristics, to estimation of runoff discharge and infiltration capacity. The results show that the Log-Pearson III method is most suitable with a planned rainfall of 128.43 mm. Without the infiltration system, the surface flow was recorded at 206.92 m3/hr, but could be minimized to 134.59 m3/hr after the implementation of infiltration wells. With a diameter of 1.5 meters and a depth of 2.5 meters, a total of 227 wells are required to accommodate a total of 1,207.09 m3 of runoff water. The effectiveness of the system reached 55.35% in reducing runoff volume. The estimated construction cost of all units is Rp1,669,340,848.10. The application of this concept is considered to make a real contribution to reducing inundation and strengthening groundwater reserves locally.