Keterbukaan Kanopi Hutan Akibat Penebangan di Hutan Rakyat Wonosobo, Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Kegiatan penebangan pohon pada pemanenan hutan rakyat berpotensi menimbulkan keterbukaan kanopi yang menyebabkan perubahan pada struktur tegakan dan ekosistem hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur luas keterbukaan kanopi akibat penebangan hutan rakyat di Wonosobo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di 4 petak tebangan yang berada di tiga desa di kabupaten Wonosobo, Jawa Tengah. Inventarisasi tegakan sebelum penebangan dilakukan menggunakan metode jalur. Kendaraan udara tanpa awak atau drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/UAV) digunakan untuk mengambil foto udara dan perangkat lunak sistem informasi geografi (Geographic Information System/GIS) digunakan untuk keperluan analisis spasial. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi jenis pohon, diameter pohon, intensitas penebangan, dan luas kanopi hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata luas keterbukaan kanopi hutan rakyat akibat penebangan dengan intensitas penebangan sebesar 140 pohon/ha adalah 600,23 m² (68,29%). Semakin besar intensitas penebangan dan luas bidang dasar pohon yang ditebang cenderung meningkatkan luas keterbukaan kanopi.

Tree felling activities in private forest harvesting can lead to canopy openness, which causes the structure and composition of forest stands as well as the overall forest ecosystem. This study aims to assess the extent of canopy openness resulting from private forest logging activities in Wonosobo. Data were collected in four felling plots located in three villages within the Wonosobo District, Central Java. A pre-felling stand inventory was conducted using the transect method. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) were employed to capture aerial imagery and Geographic Information System (GIS) was utilized for spatial analysis. Collected data included tree species, diameter, logging intensity, and canopy area. The results showed that the average canopy openness area caused by logging activity, with an intensity of 140 trees/ha, was 600,23 m² (68,29%). An increase in logging intensity and the basal area of felled trees tends to correlate with a greater canopy openness area.