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      Pola Anomali Cuaca selama Kejadian Madden-Julian Oscillation di Jawa Barat berdasarkan Data In Situ

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Saing, Febry Dairiana
      Setiawan, Sonni
      Djamil, Yudha Setiawan
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      Abstract
      Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) merupakan osilasi intraseasonal yang bergerak di wilayah tropis, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kondisi cuaca di sepanjang wilayah yang dilewatinya ketika fase aktif, termasuk Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola anomali curah hujan, kecepatan angin, kelembaban absolut, dan suhu udara permukaan sebagai respon terhadap MJO di Jawa Barat. Analisis dilakukan melalui komposit anomali harian masing-masing parameter dari beberapa stasiun cuaca di Jawa Barat pada delapan fase MJO. Hasilnya secara umum menunjukkan bahwa anomali curah hujan positif terjadi selama fase 3, sedangkan anomali negatif terjadi di fase 5. Respon berkebalikan ditemukan pada kecepatan angin yang menunjukkan anomali positif selama fase 5–6 dan anomali negatif selama fase 2–3. Kelembaban absolut dan suhu udara permukaan menunjukkan anomali positif pada fase 1–3 dan berubah menjadi anomali negatif di fase 5. Pola ini mengindikasikan adanya proses peningkatan kelembaban dan suhu yang disertai penurunan kecepatan angin sebelum terjadinya fase peningkatan curah hujan. Sebaliknya, penurunan kelembaban dan suhu, serta peningkatan kecepatan angin terjadi bersamaan dengan fase penurunan curah hujan. Oleh karena itu, respon kelembaban, suhu, dan kecepatan angin dapat menjadi prediktor fase peningkatan curah hujan. Namun, fase penurunan curah hujan lebih sulit diprediksi melalui parameter tersebut karena responnya bersamaan.
       
      Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is an intraseasonal oscillation in the tropics, which can affect weather conditions in its propagation area during its active phase, including West Java. This study aims to analyze the anomaly patterns of rainfall, wind speed, absolute humidity, and surface air temperature as response to MJO in West Java. The analysis used a composite of daily anomalies of each parameter from several weather stations in West Java during eight MJO phases. The result generally show that positive rainfall anomalies occur during phase 3, while negative anomalies in phase 5. The opposite response occurs for wind speed, which showed positive anomalies during phases 5–6 and negative anomalies during phase 2–3. Absolute humidity and surface air temperature show positive anomalies in phases 1–3 and turn into negative in phase 5. This pattern indicates a process of increasing humidity and temperature, and decreasing wind speed before the rainfall increase phase. Conversely, decreasing humidity and temperature, and increasing wind speed occur together with the rainfall decrease phase. Therefore, the response of humidity, temperature, and wind speed can be a predictor of the rainfall increase phase. However, the rainfall decrease phase is difficult to predict through these parameters due to their simultaneous response.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/162590
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1718]

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