Kenyaman dan respon fisiologis sapi perah berdasarkan mikroklimat secara real time di Kansas Ranch Bogor

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat kenyamanan sapi perah berdasarkan kondisi mikroklimat dan respons fisiologis secara real time di Kansas Ranch, Bogor. Parameter yang diamati meliputi suhu kandang, kelembapan, kecepatan angin, kadar amonia, serta suhu tubuh, denyut jantung, dan frekuensi respirasi sapi perah. Pengukuran dilakukan pada pagi pukul 05.30 WIB, siang pukul 12.30 WIB, dan sore pukul 16.30 WIB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sapi tidak mengalami stres panas pada pagi hari, tetapi mengalami stres sedang pada siang hari dan stres ringan pada sore hari. Suhu tubuh tetap normal di pagi dan sore hari, tetapi meningkat pada siang hari akibat cekaman panas. Denyut jantung berada di atas normal sepanjang hari, sementara frekuensi respirasi meningkat signifikan pada siang dan sore hari. Dengan nilai THI mencapai 81 pada siang hari, diperlukan strategi manajemen lingkungan yang optimal untuk mengurangi cekaman panas dan menjaga produktivitas sapi perah.

Kata Kunci: IoT, kenyamanan, mikroklimat, respons fisiologis, THI.

This study aimed to assess dairy cow comfort based on microclimate conditions and physiological responses in real time at Kansas Ranch, Bogor. Parameters observed included barn temperature, humidity, wind speed, ammonia levels, as well as body temperature, heart rate, and respiration frequency of dairy cows. Measurements were taken in the morning 05.30 AM, afternoon 12.30 PM, and evening 16.30 PM. The results showed that cows did not experience heat stress in the morning, but experienced moderate stress at noon and mild stress in the afternoon. Body temperature remained normal in the morning and afternoon, but increased during the day due to heat stress. Heart rate was above normal throughout the day, while respiration frequency increased significantly in the afternoon and evening. With THI values reaching 81 during the day, optimal environmental management strategies are needed to reduce heat stress and maintain productivity of dairy cows.

Keywords: IoT, comfort, microclimate, physiological response, THI