Potensi Pengomposan Limbah Kertas dan Sisa Makanan Menggunakan Bioaktivator Rumen Sapi di Kampus IPB Dramaga

Abstract

Institusi pendidikan termasuk Kampus IPB, menjadi penghasil utama limbah kertas karena hampir semua kegiatannya bergantung pada penggunaan kertas. Limbah kertas mencapai 679,84 kg per hari dan limbah sisa makanan mencapai 379,55 kg/hari dari total limbah padat yang dihasilkan Kampus IPB Dramaga. Kedua limbah itu hanya dikumpulkan di Cikabayan IPB tanpa pengolahan lanjutan, yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah pengomposan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik dan kualitas kompos, menentukan kompos terbaik, serta menganalisis potensi pengomposan dalam mereduksi limbah kertas dan sisa makanan di Kampus IPB Dramaga. Pengomposan dilakukan dengan mencampur limbah kertas dan sisa makanan menggunakan bioaktivator rumen sapi. Pengomposan dilakukan selama 8 mingu secara aerob dengan dua metode pengomposan, yakni open windrow dan aerated static pile (ASP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik dan mutu kompos meliputi warna, volume, suhu, kadar air, pH, C-Organik, N-Total dan rasio C/N sesuai dengan SNI 19-7030-2004. Kompos sudah sesuai standar ditemukan pada variasi A3 dan B3 dalam empat minggu. Pengomposan mampu mengurangi limbah kertas dan sisa makanan berdasarkan variasi A3 dan B3 sebesar 67% dan 13%.

Educational institutions, including IPB Campus, are major producers of paper waste because almost all of their activities depend on the use of paper. Paper waste reaches 679.84 kg per day and food waste reaches 379.55 kg/day of the total solid waste generated by IPB Dramaga Campus. Both wastes are only collected at Cikabayan IPB without further processing, which has the potential to pollute the environment. One solution that can be done is composting. The research aims to analyse the characteristics and quality of compost, determine the best compost, and analyse the potential of composting in reducing paper waste and food waste at IPB Dramaga Campus. Composting was done by mixing paper waste and food waste using cow rumen bioactivator. Composting was carried out for 8 weeks aerobically with two composting methods, namely open windrow and aerated static pile (ASP). The results showed the characteristics and quality of compost including colour, volume, temperature, moisture content, pH, C-Organic, N-Total and C/N ratio in accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004. Compost in accordance with the standard was found in variations A3 and B3 in four weeks. Composting is able to reduce paper waste and food waste based on variations A3 and B3 by 67% and 13%.