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      Pengaruh Insektisida Emamektin Benzoat dan Dua Adjuvan terhadap Lebah Tetragonula laeviceps Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae: .Meliponini)

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Rahmatunnisa, Fitria
      Mubin, Nadzirum
      Nurulalia, Lia
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      Abstract
      Lebah merupakan serangga bermanfaat bagi pertanian, akan tetapi keberadaannya terancam salah satunya karena penggunaan pestisida yang kurang bijaksana. Dampak paparan insektisida dapat menyebabkan penurunan kemampuan navigasi, gangguan fisiologis, kematian secara langsung dan perubahan perilaku lebah pengumpul sehingga mempengaruhi proses mencari makan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh insektisida dan adjuvan terhadap lebah Tetragonula laeviceps dalam aspek ketertarikan serta mortalitasnya. Pengujian ketertarikan (olfaktori) dengan aroma insektisida dengan bahan aktif emamektin benzoat (EMB), adjuvan dengan bahan aktif sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDS), adjuvan dengan bahan aktif surfaktan (SUR), akuades, dan sukrosa. Pengujian mortalitas dilakukan dengan uji dermal dan uji oral dengan masing-masing taraf konsentrasi yang berbeda, baik uji tunggal dan uji campuran. Berdasarkan hasil uji olfaktori, Tetragonula laeviceps lebih menyukai adjuvan sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate dibandingkan dengan adjuvan surfaktan maupun insektisida emamektin benzoat. Adjuvan SUR, insektisida EMB, dan adjuvan SDS dengan tingkat ketertarikan berturut-turut 26,7; 26,7; dan 33,3%. Pada uji mortalitas tunggal insektisida emamektin benzoat secara topikal memiliki persentase kematian mencapai 96,7% pada konsentrasi 0,250 ml/l. Sementara itu, persentase kematian pada uji mortalitas secara campuran EMB + SDS dan insektisida EMB + adjuvan SUR mencapai 100% pada konsentrasi 0,125 ml/l. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan adjuvan dalam insektisida berpengaruh meningkatkan toksisitas terhadap lebah Tetragonula laeviceps, sehingga dapat menimbulkan resiko yang tidak diinginkan seperti penurunan populasi
       
      Bees are beneficial insects for agriculture, but their existence is threatened by the unwise use of pesticides. The impact of exposure to insecticides can cause a decrease in navigational ability, physiological disorders, direct death and changes in the behaviour of collecting bees that affect the foraging process. This study aims to determine the effect of insecticides and adjuvans on Tetragonula laeviceps bees in terms of attraction and mortality. Attraction testing (olfactory) with the aroma of insecticides with the active ingredient emamectin benzoate (EMB), adjuvan with the active ingredient sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDS), adjuvan with the active ingredient surfactan (SUR), distilled water, and sucrose. Mortality testing was carried out by dermal test and oral test with each different concentration level, both single test and mixed test. Based on the olfactory test results, Tetragonula laeviceps preferred SDS adjuvan compared to SUR adjuvan or emamectin benzoate insecticide. SUR adjuvan, EMB insecticide, and SDS adjuvan with attraction levels of 26,7; 26,7; and 33,3%, respectively. In the single mortality test, emamectin benzoate insecticide topikally had a mortality percentage of 96,7% at a concentration of 0,250 ml/l. Meanwhile, the percentage of mortality in the mixed mortality test of EMB + SDS and EMB insecticide + SUR adjuvan reached 100% at a concentration of 0,125 ml/l. The results of this study indicate that the addition of adjuvans in insecticides has the effect of increasing toxicity to Tetragonula laeviceps bees, which can cause unwanted risks such as population decline
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/161207
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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