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      Aktivitas Larvasida Kulit, Daun, dan Balsam Liquidambar excelsa (Noronha) Oken Terinduksi Metil Jasmonat terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti.

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Irmansyah, Hamid
      Carolina, Anne
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      Abstract
      Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang terus meningkat setiap tahun. Penggunaan temefos sebagai larvasida kimia berisiko menyebabkan resistensi pada Aedes aegypti. Alternatif larvasida berbasis bahan alam diperlukan, salah satunya berasal dari rasamala (Liquidambar excelsa (Noronha) Oken). Penelitian ini mengevaluasi efektivitas ekstrak kulit, daun, dan balsam rasamala terinduksi metil jasmonat 10% (v/v) terhadap mortalitas larva A. aegypti pada berbagai konsentrasi. Perubahan komposisi kimia dan bioaktivitas larvasida dianalisis dengan membandingkan sampel kulit dan daun pada titik perlakuan induksi (KT dan DT) dan kontrol (KC dan DC). Hasil uji larvasida menunjukkan bahwa KT memiliki efektivitas tertinggi dengan mortalitas 100% pada konsentrasi 800 ppm dan nilai LC50 sebesar 419,20 ppm. Kandungan fenolik dan terpenoid lebih tinggi pada KT dan DT dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Analisis GC-MS mengidentifikasi senyawa dominan pada kulit yaitu 1,2,3-Benzenetriol dan ?-Sitosterol, pada daun terdapat neophytadiene, heptadecane, dan heneicosane, sedangkan pada balsam ditemukan cinnamyl cinnamate dan 1-(2-Methoxyphenyl)- 2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione. Induksi metil jasmonat diduga memengaruhi komposisi kimia pada kulit dan daun yang meningkatan toksisitas larvasida.
       
      Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a significant public health issue, with cases increasing annually. Using temephos as a chemical larvicide poses the risk of resistance in Aedes aegypti, necessitating alternative natural-based larvicides, such as rasamala (Liquidambar excelsa (Noronha) Oken). This study evaluates the effectiveness of rasamala bark, leaf, and balsam extracts induced with methyl jasmonate 10% (v/v) against A. aegypti larvae at various concentrations. Changes in chemical composition and larvicidal bioactivity in bark and leaf samples were analyzed by comparing treatment (KT and DT) and control (KC and DC) points. Larvicidal assays revealed that KT exhibited the highest effectiveness, with 100% mortality at 800 ppm and an LC50 value of 419.20 ppm. Phenolic and terpenoid compounds were more abundant in bark and leaf extracts at KT and DT. Compounds in the bark, including 1,2,3-Benzenetriol and ?-Sitosterol, the leaves contained neophytadiene, heptadecane, and heneicosane, and the balsam contained cinnamyl cinnamate and 1-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione. Jasmonate induction likely influenced the chemical composition of bark and leaves, correlating with increased larvicidal toxicity.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/160712
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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