Pengaruh Priming dengan Nanopartikel Zinc Oxide terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Kedelai pada Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mendapatkan konsentrasi dan durasi nanopriming zinc oxide (ZnO) yang tepat untuk meningkatkan vigor benih kedelai yang telah mengalami deteriorasi, dan (2) mendapatkan metode invigorasi benih yang efektif untuk mengatasi cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan. Percobaan I menentukan konsentrasi dan durasi nanopriming terbaik yang disusun dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dua faktor. Faktor pertama, konsentrasi nanopriming ZnO: 0,5 g L-1 dan 1 g L-1. Rasio antara benih dengan larutan priming adalah 1:5 (w/v). Faktor kedua, durasi nanopriming: 0 jam, 2 jam, 4 jam, 6 jam. Benih dikering-anginkan selama 24 jam sebelum dilakukan pengujian mutu benih. Percobaan I menggunakan benih kedelai varietas Grobogan dengan daya berkecambah (DB) awal 50% hasil pengujian Februari 2024. Hasil dari Percobaan I, perlakuan nanopriming ZnO terbaik dengan konsentrasi 1 g L-1 dan durasi priming 6 jam. Percobaan II, menguji efektivitas nanopriming ZnO pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan yang disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap dua faktor. Faktor pertama, cekaman kekeringan: kontrol dan PEG 6000 5%. Faktor kedua, metode invigorasi: kontrol, nanopriming ZnO, nanopriming AgNPs 10% sebagai pembanding, matriconditioning (media arang sekam 0,5 mesh) dengan akuades, matriconditioning dengan larutan ZnO, dan matriconditioning dengan larutan AgNPs 10%. Benih direndam dalam larutan AgNPs selama 6 jam dengan rasio benih: larutan adalah 3:10 (w/v). Benih yang diberi perlakuan matriconditioning diinkubasi pada suhu ruang (28 ± 2 ?) selama 12 jam. Percobaan II menggunakan benih kedelai varietas Argomulyo dan Detam 1 dengan DB awal >80% diuji pada Maret 2024. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan nanopriming ZnO dan matriconditioning dengan AgNPs 10% mampu meningkatkan nilai semua peubah mutu kecambah pada benih kedelai varietas Argomulyo dan Detam 1.

This study aimed to (1) obtain the appropriate concentration and duration of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanopriming to increase the vigor of soybean seeds that have experienced deterioration, and (2) obtain an effective seed invigoration method to overcome drought stress. The study consisted of two experiments. Experiment I determined the best concentration and duration of nanopriming arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors. The first factor was ZnO nanopriming concentration: 0.5 g L-1 and 1 g L-1. The ratio between seeds and priming solution was 1:5 (w/v). The second factor was nanopriming duration: 0 hours, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours. The seeds were air-dried for 24 hours before seed quality testing was carried out. Experiment I used soybean seeds of Grobogan with initial germination of 50% tested in February 2024. The results of Experiment I, the best ZnO nanopriming treatment with a concentration of 1 g L-1 and a priming duration of 6 hours. Experiment II tested the effectiveness of ZnO nanopriming under drought conditions arranged in a two-factor completely randomized design. The first factor was drought stress: control and 5% PEG 6000. The second factor was the invigoration method: control, ZnO nanopriming, 10% AgNPs nanopriming as a comparison, matriconditioning (0.5 mesh burned rice husk media) with aquadest, matriconditioning with ZnO solution, and matriconditioning with 10% AgNPs solution. The seeds were soaked in AgNPs solution for 6 hours with a ratio of seeds to priming solution was 3:10 (w/v). The seeds treated with matriconditioning were incubated at room temperature for 12 hours. Experiment II used seeds of Argomulyo and Detam 1 varieties with initial germination >80% tested in March 2024. The results showed that ZnO nanopriming and matriconditioning with 10% AgNPs solution increased the value of all seedling quality variables in the Argomulyo and Detam 1 soybean varieties.