Potensi Tebu Rawa (Hanguana malayana) di Sungai Waldeman, Kabupaten Mappi, sebagai Kompos Berdasarkan Analisis Logam Berat

Abstract

Tebu rawa (Hanguana malayana) merupakan tumbuhan yang hidup pada ekosistem lahan basah dan dapat tumbuh baik di dalam maupun di dekat perairan. Populasi tumbuhan tersebut semakin masif dan potensinya belum tergali. Hal tersebut menjadi masalah yang menyebabkan terhambatnya kegiatan ekonomi karena tertutupnya jalur transportasi di Sungai Weldeman. Salah satu upaya untuk menanggulangi gulma air di kawasan perairan sungai yaitu dengan memanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku kompos. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji dan menganalisis potensi tebu rawa sebagai kompos berdasarkan analisis kandungan logam berat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2023 – Februari 2024. Lokasi yang dijadikan sebagai tempat pengambilan sampel tebu rawa yaitu di Sungai Waldeman, Kabupaten Mappi, Papua Selatan dan analisis logam berat dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengujian, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis logam berat yang terdiri atas analisis lab, perhitungan faktor translokasi dan faktor biokonsentrasi serta analisis luas tutupan tebu rawa menggunakan citra satelit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tebu rawa berpotensi dijadikan kompos khususnya bagian batang muda dan daun karena tumbuhan tersebut cenderung menyimpan logam berat di akar dan memenuhi standarisasi kompos di Indonesia. Tebu rawa tidak hanya memberikan manfaat dalam pengelolaan limbah organik, tetapi juga berkontribusi pada pengurangan risiko kontaminasi pada perairan.

Tebu rawa (Hanguana malayana) is a plant that lives in wetland ecosystems and can grow well both in and near water bodies. Currently, the population of this plant is becoming increasingly massive, and its potential remains untapped. This condition has become an issue that hinders economic activities due to the blockage of transportation routes in the Weldeman River. One effort to tackle water weeds in riverine areas is by utilizing them as raw materials for compost. The research aims to assess and analyze the potential of swamp sugarcane as compost through heavy metal content analysis. The research was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024. Swamp sugarcane samples were taken from the Weldeman River in Mappi Regency, South Papua, and the heavy metal analysis was carried out at the Testing Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB. The methods used included heavy metal analysis consisting of laboratory analysis, translocation factor, and bioconcentration factor calculation, as well as analysis of swamp sugarcane cover area using satellite imagery. The results of the research showed that swamp sugarcane has the potential to be composted, specifically the young stems and leaves because the plant tends to store heavy metals in the roots and meet the standardization of compost in Indonesia. Swamp sugarcane not only provides benefits in organic waste management, but also contributes to reduce the risk of contamination of waters.