Populasi dan Perilaku Sosial Banteng (Bos javanicus d'Alton 1823) di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon

Abstract

Banteng (Bos javanicus) merupakan salah satu satwa yang dilindungi di Indonesia dan menjadi salah satu ikon di Pulau Jawa. Penelitian mengenai banteng baik itu mengenai ekologi, populasi, habitat, pakan, dan perilaku sudah banyak dilakukan, namun untuk penelitian perilaku terbatas pada perilaku harian saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis ukuran kelompok, struktur umur banteng, perilaku sosial (affiliative, agonistik, vokalisasi, dan mothering), dan strategi konservasinya. Populasi banteng yang ditemukan di padang rumput Cidaon yaitu 27 individu dengan sex ratio 1:7 yang menunjukan kurang ideal. Persentase frekuensi dan durasi perilaku sosial affiliative paling sering dilakukan oleh betina muda yaitu 63,79% (37 kali) dengan durasi 82,63% (138 menit). Perilaku agonistik paling tinggi adalah jantan dewasa yaitu 43,4% (23 kali) dengan durasi 38,93% (95 menit). Perilaku vokalisasi Jantan (3 menit) dan betina (10 menit). Perilaku epimeletik dilakukan oleh induk sebanyak 22 kali selama 95 menit. Perilaku et-epimeletik dilakukan oleh bayi sebanyak 25 kali selama 95 menit.

The banteng (Bos javanicus) is one of the protected animals in Indonesia and is an icon on the island of Java. Research has been carried out on banteng regarding ecology, population, habitat, feed and behaviour. However, behavioural research is limited to daily behaviour only. This research aims to analyze group size, age structure of banteng, social behaviour (affiliative, agonistic, vocalisation, and mothering), and conservation strategies. The population of banteng found in the Cidaon grassland are 27 individuals with sex ratio 1:7 of the banteng obtained showed that it was less than ideal. The percentage of frequency and duration of affiliative social behaviour most often carried out by young females is 63,79% (37 times) and the duration is 82,63% (138 minutes). The highest agonistic behaviour was in adult males, namely 43,4% (23 times) with duration 38,93% (95 minutes). Male (3 minutes) and female (10 minutes) vocalization behaviour. Epimeletic behaviour was carried out by the parent 22 times for 95 minutes. The et-epimeletic behaviour was carried out by the baby 25 times for 95 minutes