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      Produksi Metabolit Sekunder Melalui Metode Co-cultivation dan Potensinya sebagai Antikanker Leukemia Menggunakan Uji Fragmentasi DNA

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Suduri, Adam
      Darusman, Huda Shalahudin
      Mariya, Silmi
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      Abstract
      Co-cultivation merupakan metode pembiakan dua atau lebih mikroorganisme pada kondisi medium yang sama. Metode ini dapat mengoptimalkan produksi senyawa metabolit sekunder yang tidak diproduksi secara monokultur. Metode Co-cultivation dapat menginduksi penemuan senyawa baru yang memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker dengan mekanisme apoptosis melalui jalur fragmentasi DNA. Kanker merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan pertumbuhan sel abnormal dan merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah leukemia yang merupakan penyebab kematian kelima setelah kanker paru-paru, payudara, serviks, dan hati. Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan produksi metabolit sekunder, mengetahui jenis metabolit sekunder potensial sebagai antikanker, serta mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap sel leukemia (Raji, ATCC CCL 86) melalui uji toksisitas dan fragmentasi DNA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode Co-cultivation menggunakan Streptomyces carpaticus dan Paenibacillus sp. meningkatkan produksi rendemen yaitu 4,12% pada fraksi metanol dan 2,36% fraksi etil asetat. Berdasarkan uji ANOVA, metabolit sekunder berpengaruh terhadap sel leukemia menggunakan uji MTT assay dan fragmentasi DNA (p<0,05). Rata-rata inhibisi fraksi metanol 62,99 % (IC50 25,77 µg/mL) dan fraksi etil asetat 59,05% (IC50 29,87 µg/mL). Persentase fragmentasi DNA pada fraksi metanol sebesar 57,6% dan etil asetat 55,9%. Hasil ini menunjukan metabolit sekunder hasil Co-cultivation menggunakan S. carpaticus dan Paenibacillus sp. mampu menjadi alternatif terapi kanker.
       
      Co-cultivation is breeding two or more microorganisms in the same medium conditions. This method can optimize the production of secondary metabolite compounds not produced in monoculture. The Co-cultivation method can induce the discovery of new compounds that can potentially be anticancer by the apoptotic mechanism through the DNA fragmentation pathway. Cancer is a disease marked by abnormal cell growth and is one of the leading causes of death in Indonesia. One type of cancer is leukemia, which is the fifth leading cause of death after lung, breast, cervical, and liver cancer. This study aimed to increase the production of secondary metabolites, determine the types of secondary metabolites that have the potential as anticancer, and assess their effects on leukemia cells (Raji, ATCC CCL-86) through inhibition and DNA fragmentation tests. The research method used was the experimental method. The results showed that the cultivation method using Streptomyces carpaticus and Paenibacillus sp. increased the production yield, namely 4.12% in the methanol fraction and 2.36% in the ethyl acetate fraction. Based on the ANOVA test, secondary metabolites affected leukemia cells using the MTT assay and DNA fragmentation tests (p<0.05). The average inhibition of the methanol fraction was 62.99% (IC50 25.77 µg/mL), and the ethyl acetate fraction was 59.05% (IC50 29.87 µg/mL). The percentage of DNA fragmentation in the methanol fraction was 57.6%, and ethyl acetate 55.9%. These results indicate that secondary metabolites resulting from Co-cultivation between S. carpaticus and Paenibacillus sp. are capable of being an alternative cancer therapy.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/158565
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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