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      Pengaruh Faktor Cuaca terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit pada Tanaman Mentimun di Cugenang Kabupaten Cianjur

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      SULEHA
      Widodo
      Risdiyanto, Idung
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      Abstract
      Mentimun (Cucumis sativus Linn.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang digemari masyarakat karena memiliki banyak manfaat, kandungan gizi, dan vitamin yang tinggi. Terdapat berbagai kendala dalam proses budidaya tanaman mentimun. Salah satu kendala dalam proses budidaya tanaman mentimun adalah permasalahan penyakit tanaman. Komponen lingkungan abiotik, salah satunya faktor cuaca, merupakan faktor penting yang berpengaruh terhadap suatu penyakit tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor cuaca dengan perkembangan penyakit pada tanaman mentimun di Kecamatan Cugenang, Kabupaten Cianjur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam empat tahap, yaitu penentuan lokasi penelitian, penentuan tanaman contoh, pengamatan insidensi dan keparahan penyakit, dan analisis data pengaruh cuaca. Insidensi dan severitas penyakit antraknosa dan embun bulu meningkat setiap pengamatan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan insidensi dan severitas tertinggi terjadi pada antraknosa. Sebagai faktor tunggal, faktor cuaca yang berpengaruh signifikan dengan severitas penyakit antraknosa adalah suhu udara, curah hujan, dan kelembaban relatif udara. Persamaan regresi tunggal pengaruh faktor cuaca terhadap severitas penyakit antraknosa adalah y = - 546,5 + 343,6x – 48,4x2 (R2 = 0,805), y = -17,2 + 4,1x – 0,05x2 (R2 = 0,901), dan y = 34,867ln(x) – 15,265 (R2 = 0,542) masing-masing untuk suhu udara, curah hujan, dan kelembaban relatif udara. Akan tetapi, pada severitas embun bulu faktor cuaca yang berpengaruh signifikan adalah curah hujan dan kelembaban relatif udara, masing-masing dengan persamaan regresi tunggal y = -23,7 + 3,76x – 0,05x2 (R2 = 0,932) dan y = 250,2 – 104,4x + 14,4x2 – 0,586x3 (R2 = 0,937). Sementara itu, suhu tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap severitas embun bulu dalam penelitian ini. Pengaruh faktor cuaca tidak dapat dianalisis terhadap insidensi kedua penyakit tersebut.
       
      Cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn.) is a horticultural commodity that is popular with the public because it has many benefits, nutritional content, and high vitamins. There are various obstacles in the process of cultivating cucumber plants. One of the obstacles in the process of cultivating cucumber plants is the problem of plant diseases. Abiotic environmental components, one of which is weather factors, are important factors that affect a plant disease. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between weather factors and disease development in cucumber plants in Cugenang District, Cianjur Regency. This research was carried out in four stages, namely determining the location of the research, determining sample plants, observing the incidence and severity of the disease, and analyzing weather influence data. The incidence and severity of anthracnose and downy mildew diseases increased with each observation. The observation results showed that the highest incidence and severity occurred in anthracnose. As a single factor, weather factors that have a significant influence on the severity of anthracnose disease are air temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity of the air. The single regression equation of the influence of weather factors on the severity of anthracnose disease is y = - 546.5 + 343.6x – 48.4x2 (R2 = 0.805), y = -17.2 + 4.1x – 0.05x2 (R2 = 0.901), and y = 34.867ln(x) – 15.265 (R2 = 0.542) respectively for air temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity of the air. However, in the severity of downy mildew, the weather factors that have a significant effect are rainfall and relative humidity of the air, respectively with a single regression equation y = -23.7 + 3.76x – 0.05x2 (R2 = 0.932) and y = 250.2 – 104.4x + 14.4x2 – 0.586x3 (R2 = 0.937). Meanwhile, temperature did not have a significant effect on the severity of the downy mildew on this study. The influence of weather factors cannot be analyzed on the incidence of the two diseases.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/158224
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