Strategi Pengendalian Dampak Aktivitas Masyarakat Dalam Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Ruteng, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

Abstract

YOVITA RATNA SARI. Strategi Pengendalian Dampak Aktivitas Masyarakat Dalam Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Ruteng, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Dibimbing oleh LETI SUNDAWATI dan ARZYANA SUNKAR.

Kedekatan Taman Wisata Alam Ruteng (TWA Ruteng) dengan kawasan pemukiman, memfasilitasi keterlibatan masyarakat dengan lokasi tersebut. Meningkatnya aktivitas masyarakat di suatu wilayah dapat memberikan pengaruh secara ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengetahuan masyarakat, aktivitas masyarakat dan dampak aktivitas masyarakat serta merumuskan alternatif strategi pengendalian dampak dari aktivitas masyarakat. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Desa Ngkiong Ndora, Kecamatan Lamba Leda Timur, Resort Konservasi Wilayah II Kabupaten Manggarai Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Responden dipilih secara acak berdasarkan strata kepemilikan lahan dengan jumlah responden 34 orang (strata I), 60 orang (strata II), dan 12 orang (strata III). Analisis data dilakukan dengan kuantitatif dan kualitatif (mixed method) Pengetahuan masyarakat tentang status, aturan, batas, tujuan dan fungsi TWA Ruteng tergolong rendah. Masyarakat Desa Ngkiong Ndora melakukan aktivitas di dalam kawasan TWA Ruteng berupa budidaya tanaman pertanian, serta pengambilan hasil hutan kayu, dan non-kayu. Aktivitas masyarakat dalam kawasan TWA Ruteng memberikan dampak ekonomi yang baik, dimana kegiatan budidaya tanaman pertanian memberikan kontribusi rata-rata sebesar 76, 44% terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga. Akan tetapi aktivitas masyarakat tersebut secara sosial menimbulkan konflik antara masyarakat dengan pengelola TWA Ruteng serta mengakibatkan dampak lingkungan negatif berupa degradasi kawasan hutan dan memicu banjir. Alternatif strategi yang direkomendasikan adalah pengembangan kemitraan konservasi sebagai upaya pelibatan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan TWA Ruteng.

Kata kunci: aktivitas masyarakat, dampak negatif, kemitraan konservasi, kontribusi ekonomi, pengetahuan.

YOVITA RATNA SARI. Strategy for Controlling the Impact of Community Activities in the Ruteng Nature Tourism Park Area, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Supervised by LETI SUNDAWATI and ARZYANA SUNKAR. The proximity of Ruteng Nature Tourism Park (TWA Ruteng) to residential areas facilitates community involvement. Increased community activity in an area can have an economic, social and environmental impact. This study aimed to analyze community knowledge, community activities and the impact of community activities and formulate alternative strategies for controlling the impact. Data was collected in Ngkiong Ndora Village, Lamba Leda Timur District, Conservation Resort Area II, East Manggarai Regency. Data was collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature studies. Respondents were selected randomly based on land ownership strata, with a total of 34 respondents (strata I), 60 people (strata II), and 12 people (strata III). Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively (mixed method). Community knowledge about the status, rules, boundaries, objectives and functions of TWA Ruteng could be much higher. The Ngkiong Ndora Village community carries out activities in the TWA Ruteng area by cultivating agricultural crops and taking wood and non-wood forest products. Community activities in the Ruteng TWA area have an excellent economic impact, where agricultural cultivation activities contribute an average of 76.44% to household income. However, these community activities socially cause conflict between the community and the Ruteng TWA management, resulting in adverse environmental impacts in forest area degradation and triggering flooding. The recommended alternative strategy is the development of conservation partnerships as an effort to involve the community in the management of the Ruteng TWA.

Keywords: community activities, conservation partnerships, economic contributions, knowledge, negative impacts.