Pendekatan Spawning Potential Ratio untuk Estimasi Status Pemanfaatan Tenggiri (Scomberomorus commerson) di Perairan Karimunjawa

Abstract

Ikan tenggiri (Scomberomorus commerson) di Perairan Karimunjawa mengalami eksploitasi penangkapan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi unit penangkapan, menghitung parameter biologi, serta mengevaluasi status pemanfaatan dan opsi pengelolaan perikanan tenggiri periode 2020-2022. Data panjang total ikan dari 4.254 ekor tenggiri diperoleh dari Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). Metode purposive sampling dan sensus dilakukan untuk identifikasi unit penangkapan menggunakan data demografi nelayan, dimensi kapal, dan produktivitas. Metode Length-based Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) dan analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan nilai SL50 (41,80) < Lm (51,16), dan SPR 0,27 mengindikasikan status fully-exploited. Pengendalian penangkapan perlu dilakukan untuk mencegah peningkatan status menjadi over-exploited.

Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) in Karimunjawa waters faces high exploitation pressure. This study aims to identify fishing units, calculate biological parameters, and evaluate the utilization status and management options for mackerel fisheries from 2020-2022. Length data from 4254 mackerels were obtained from the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). Fishing units were identified using purposive sampling with data on fishermen demographics, vessel dimensions, and productivity. Length-based Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) method and descriptive analysis were used to achieve the research objectives. Results showed SL50 (41.80 cm) < Lm (51.16 cm) and SPR of 0.27, indicating fully-exploited status. Fishing efforts need to be controlled to prevent over-exploited.