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      Karakteristik Pektin dari Ampas Apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestris) Menggunakan Pelarut Asam Sitrat dengan Metode Ultrasonik

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Nurshidqiyah, Fairuz
      Trianawati, Mrr.Lukie
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      Abstract
      Limbah apel manalagi dapat dimanfaatkan karena banyak mengandung pektin. Ekstraksi pektin menggunakan metode non-konvensional dianggap lebih menguntungkan karena lebih ramah lingkungan, sehingga penulis melakukan penelitian ekstraksi pektin menggunakan metode Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil rendemen dan karakteristiknya yang mencakup berat ekivalen, kandungan gugus metoksil, kandungan asam galakturonat, dan derajat esterifikasi pektin apel manalagi menggunakan metode UAE. Ekstraksi pektin dilakukan menggunakan metode UAE dengan tiga perlakuan pH yaitu 1.5, 2, dan 2.5. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, semakin tinggi nilai pH, hasil rendemen, kadar metoksil, dan derajat esterifikasi menunjukkan hasil yang menurun. Namun pada hasil berat ekivalen dan kadar asam galakturonat mengalami kenaikan seiring tingginya nilai pH. Pektin yang diekstraksi dengan pH 1.5 menunjukkan hasil rendemen tertinggi senilai 15.82%, kadar metoksil tertinggi senilai 0.17%, dan derajat esterifikasi senilai 0.0036%. Sedangkan pektin yang diekstraksi dengan pH 2.5 menunjukkan hasil berat ekivalen tertinggi senilai 202.15 g/mol dan kadar galakturonat senilai 33720.84%.
       
      Waste from manalagi apples can utilized because it contains a significant amount of pectin. Extracting pectin using non-conventional methods is considered more advantageous due to its environmental friendliness, prompting the author to conduct research on pectin extraction using the Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. The aim of this research is to determine the yield and characteristics of pectin, including equivalent weight, methoxyl content, galacturonic acid content, and the degree of esterification of manalagi apple pectin using the UAE method. Pectin extraction was carried out using the UAE method with three pH treatments: 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5. Based on the research results, as the pH value increased, the yield, methoxyl content, and degree of esterification showed a decrease. However, the equivalent weight and galacturonic acid content increased with higher pH values. Pectin extracted with pH 1.5 showed the highest yield of 15.82%, the highest methoxyl content of 0.17%, and the degree of esterification of 0.0036%. Meanwhile, pectin extracted with pH 2.5 showed the highest equivalent weight of 202.15 g/mol and galacturonate content of 33720.84%.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/157500
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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