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      Analisis Kekeringan Meteorologi di Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN)

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Azzirya, Neisya Ananda
      Hidayat, Rahmat
      Lestari, Sopia
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      Abstract
      Indonesia rawan terhadap terjadinya berbagai bencana termasuk kekeringan. Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) yang terletak di Kalimantan Timur memiliki resiko kekeringan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat kekeringan di IKN dan mengidentifikasi pengaruh variabilitas iklim terhadap kekeringan di IKN tahun 1993-2022. Data curah hujan harian Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) dan Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation Station (CHIRPS) digunakan untuk analisis kekeringan menggunakan indeks Consecutive Dry Days (CDD), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dan Effective Drought Index (EDI). Korelasi Spearman digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan indeks variabilitas iklim Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) dan Dipole Mode Index (DMI) dengan indeks CDD, SPI, dan EDI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai CDD tertinggi terdapat pada JJA dan SON masing-masing berkisar 30-80 hari dan 20-70 hari. Kekeringan ditandai dengan nilai SPI terendah di bawah -2 pada tahun 1997-1998, 2002-2003, 2015-2016 serta EDI terendah di bawah -2,5 pada tahun 1997-1998 yang bertepatan dengan El Nino kuat. Hasil korelasi menunjukkan bahwa CDD, SPI, dan EDI memiliki korelasi moderat dan signifikan dengan SOI dengan nilai di atas 0,40, tetapi memiliki korelasi sangat lemah dengan DMI. Korelasi ini menunjukkan bahwa ENSO lebih berpengaruh terhadap kekeringan yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan jumlah hari kering di IKN saat ENSO dibandingkan IOD.
       
      Indonesia is prone to various disasters including drought. Nusantara Capital City (IKN), located in East Kalimantan has a high risk of drought. This study aims to analyze the level of drought in IKN and to identify the effect of climate variability on drought in IKN in 1993-2022. Daily rainfall data from Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) and Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation Station (CHIRPS) satellite were used for drought analysis using the Consecutive Dry Days (CDD), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Effective Drought Index (EDI). Spearman correlation was used to identify the relationship between the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and Dipole Mode Index (DMI) climate variability indices with the SPI and EDI drought indices. The results showed that the highest CDD values were in the JJA and SON ranging from 30 to 80 days and 20 to 70 days respectively. Drought is characterized by the lowest SPI value below -2 in 1997-1998, 2002-2003, 2015-2016 and the lowest EDI below -2,5 in 1997-1998 which coincided with a strong El Nino. The correlation results show that CDD, SPI, and EDI have moderate and significant correlations with SOI with value above 0,40, but have a very weak correlation with DMI. This correlation indicates that ENSO has a greater influence on drought shown by the increase in the number of dry days in IKN during ENSO compared to IOD.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/157149
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1718]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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