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      Perbedaan Karakteristik Tepung Agar Gracilaria sp. Asal Karawang pada Lokasi Budidaya yang Berbeda

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Diotama, Jeremias
      Santoso, Joko
      Purwaningsih, Sri
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      Abstract
      Rumput laut Gracilaria sp. merupakan salah satu bahan baku yang umum digunakan dalam pembuatan agar-agar. Bentuk sediaan bahan baku yang dapat dihasilkan dari rumput laut Gracilaria sp. adalah tepung agar. Tepung agar pada penelitian ini dihasilkan melalui metode ekstraksi dari Rumput laut Gracilaria sp. hasil tambak budidaya yang berbeda didaerah Karawang, yaitu Neglasari, Tambaksari, dan Saca. Analisis tepung agar dilakukan untuk menentukan kualitas tepung dengan melihat parameter kualitas air, kualitas proksimat, kualitas agar dan Total Plate Count (TPC). Hasil parameter kualitas air antara lain nilai pH yang memiliki nilai berkisar 7,2 hingga 8,2. Salinitas yang memiliki nilai berkisar antara 17,7 - 23,7 ‰. Suhu berada pada 32,6 – 33,4 ?. Nilai kecerahan berkisar pada 26 – 54. Kadar fosfat berkisar 1,88 - 3,23 mg/L. Kadar nitrat 1,31 – 2,45 mg/L. Hasil parameter proksimat tepung agar Gracilaria sp.. antara lain kadar air berkisar 13,99 – 15,27 %. Kadar abu berkisar 3,29 – 3,68 %. Kadar protein berkisar 6,30 – 7,54 %. Kadar lemak berkisar 0,48 – 0,55. Serat kasar berkisar 4,02 - 5,95 %. Hasil parameter kualitas agar antara lain nilai rendemen berkisar 30,5 – 53,2 %. Kekuatan gel berkisar 245,4 – 328,4 g/cm2. Viskositas berkisar 13,4 – 23,5. Kadar sulfat berkisar 3,53 – 5,88 %. Analisis TPC memiliki nilai pada lokasi Neglasari sebesar 0,73 x 103 koloni/gram, lokasi tambaksari sebesar 1,10 x 103 koloni/gram, lokasi Saca sebesar 0,67 x 103 koloni/gram. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu tepung agar dari lokasi Neglasari dengan karakteristik total rendemen, kadar protein dan serat kasarnya yang paling tinggi, kadar air yang sesuai standar SNI, dan kekuatan gel yang sesuai dengan literatur.
       
      Seaweed Gracilaria sp. is one of the raw materials commonly used in making agar-agar. The dosage form of raw materials that can be produced from seaweed Gracilaria sp. is agar flour. Agar flour in this research was produced using an extraction method from Gracilaria sp. seaweed. the results of different cultivation ponds in the Karawang area, namely Neglasari, Tambaksari, and Saca. Agar flour analysis is carried out to determine the quality of the flour by looking at the parameters of water quality, proximate quality, agar quality and Total Plate Count (TPC). The results of water quality parameters included the pH value, which ranged from 7.2 to 8.2. The temperature was at 32.6 – 33.4 ?. Brightness values ranged from 26 to 54. Phosphate levels ranged from 1.88 to 3.23 mg/L. Nitrate levels ranged from 1.31 to 2.45 mg/L. Results of proximate parameters of Gracilaria sp. agar flour included water content ranging from 13.99 to 15.27%. Ash content ranged from 3.29 to 3.68%. Protein content ranged from 6.30 to 7.54%. Fat content ranged from 0.48 to 0.55%. Crude fiber ranged from 4.02 to 5.95%. The results of agar quality parameters included yield values ranging from 30.5 to 53.2%. Gel strength ranged from 245.4 to 328.4 g/cm². Viscosity ranged from 13.4 to 23.5. Sulfate levels ranged from 3.53 to 5.88%. TPC analysis had a value for the Neglasari location of 0.73 x 10³ CFU/g, the Tambaksari location of 1.10 x 10³ CFU/g, and the Saca location of 0.67 x 10³ CFU/g. The best treatment was agar flour from the Neglasari location with the characteristics of the highest total yield, protein content, and crude fiber, water content that met SNI standards, and gel strength that matched the literature
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/155628
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      • UT - Aquatic Product Technology [2460]

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