Distribusi dan Populasi Simpai (Presbytis melalophos alba) di Hutan Lindung Raja Mandara, Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan

Abstract

Simpai dari genus Presbytis adalah satwa yang dilindungi. Hutan Lindung Raja Mandra, Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan terjadi gangguan perambahan hutan dan pemanenan kayu ilegal. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis struktur populasi, karakteristik habitat, serta sebaran dan kesesuaian habitat simpai. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 3 Juli – 29 September 2023 menggunakan metode eksplorasi, pengamatan langsung, concentration count, analisis vegetasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Kepadatan populasi simpai 1,26 individu/km² dengan rasio jenis kelamin kelas umur dewasa dan muda yaitu 1:2. Simpai ditemukan direntang ketinggian tempat 255 – 2237 m dpl dengan kelerengan 25 – 45%. Simpai menggunakan seluruh ruang tajuk pohon dan berasosiasi dengan 7 mamalia arboreal. Calophyllum macrocarpum dan Durio zibethinus merupakan jenis pohon dengan kelimpahan tertinggi. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling besar dikonsumsi adalah daun dan buah sebesar 42%. Klasifikasi kesesuaian habitat menghasilkan 4 kelas, hasil uji menunjukkan nilai AUC 0,90 dan standar deviasi 0,02. Kata kunci: Karakteristik, kesesuaian, populasi, sebaran, simpai.

Mitred leaf monkeys of the genus Presbytis are protected animals. Raja Mandra Protection Forest, South Bengkulu Regency has been disturbed by forest encroachment and illegal timber harvesting. The study aims to analyze population structure, habitat characteristics, as well as the distribution and suitability of mitred leaf monkey habitat. The study was conducted on 3 July – 29S eptember 2023 using exploration methods, direct observation, concentration count, vegetation analysis, interviews, and literature studies. The population density of the hoop is 1.26 individuals/km² with a sex ratio of adult and young age classes of 1:2. Mitred leaf monkeys are found in an altitude range of 255 – 2237 m above sea level with slopes of 25 – 45%. Mitred leaf monkeys use the entire space of the tree canopy and associate with 7 arboreal mammals. Calophyllum macrocarpum and Durio zibethinus are the tree species with the highest abundance. The largest parts of plants consumed are leaves and fruits by 42%. Habitat suitability classification resulted in 4 classes, the test results showed an AUC value of 0.90 and a standard deviation of 0.02. Keywords: Characteristics, suitability, population, simpai.