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      Karbonisasi Limbah Cangkang Kelapa Sawit melalui Teknik Pirolisis Plasma

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      Date
      2014
      Author
      Aribah, Putri
      Sari, Yessie Widya
      Purawiardi,, Raden Ibrahim
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      Abstract
      Cangkang kelapa sawit merupakan limbah biomassa yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber karbon. Metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mensintesis karbon yaitu pirolisis plasma menggunakan Arc Plasma Sintering (APS) dengan variasi arus (40 A, 50 A, 60 A, 70 A, dan 80 A). Sampel karbon kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil analisis dengan Raman Spectroscopy menunjukkan rasio IG/ID pada sampel dengan perlakukan arus 40 A, 50 A, 60 A, 70 A, dan 80 A masing-masing sebesar 0,4300, 0,4615, 0,5271, 0,6963, dan 0,4466. Rasio IG/ID cenderung meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan arus plasma hingga 70 A. Hasil data XRD menunjukkan difraktogram yang menyerupai amorf dan menunjukkan bahwa sampel karbon memiliki struktur turbostratik. Hasil gambar TEM kelima sampel menunjukkan fasa amorf dan kristal. Sampel karbon hasil plasma mengalami transformasi fasa amorf menuju kristal yang melewati fasa turbostratik. Hasil perhitungan parameter kisi dari pola SAED (Selected Area Electron Diffraction) TEM diperoleh nilai parameter kisi yang mendekati nilai parameter kisi untuk struktur kristal grafit. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan keberadaan gugus fungsi yang sama pada semua sampel karbon dengan variasi arus.
       
      Palm oil shells are biomass waste that can be used as a carbon source. The method that can be used to synthesize carbon is plasma pyrolysis using Arc Plasma Sintering (APS) with varying currents (40 A, 50 A, 60 A, 70 A, and 80 A). The carbon samples were then characterized using Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of analysis using Raman Spectroscopy show that the IG/ID ratio in samples treated with currents of 40 A, 50 A, 60 A, 70 A, and 80 A is 0,4300, 0,4615, 0,5271, 0,6963, and 0,4466, respectively. The IG/ID ratio tends to increase as the plasma current increases up to 70 A. The results of the XRD data show a diffractogram that resembles amorphous and indicates that the carbon sample has a turbostratic structure. The TEM image results of the five samples show amorphous and crystalline phases. The carbon sample produced by plasma undergoes an amorphous phase transformation to crystalline which passes through the turbostratic phase. The results of lattice parameter calculations from the SAED (Selected Area Electron Diffraction) TEM pattern show lattice parameter values that are close to the lattice parameter values for the graphite crystal structure. FTIR results show the presence of the same functional groups in all carbon samples with varying currents.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/153342
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