Sifat Fisis dan Sifat Pengeringan Bambu Tamiang dari Metode Pengeringan Oven, Uap Panas, dan Alami

Abstract

Bambu merupakan tanaman cepat tumbuh yang termasuk kedalam komoditas hasil hutan bukan kayu. Salah satu jenis bambu yang potensial dimanfaatkan sebagai sedotan bambu adalah bambu tamiang (Schizostachyum blumei). Namun dalam proses pengeringannya terdapat beberapa permasalahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pengaruh berbagai metode pengeringan terhadap sifat fisis dan sifat pengeringan bambu tamiang serta mengidentifikasi serangan dan jenis organisme perusak yang menyerang bambu tamiang pada saat proses pengeringan. Bambu tamiang dikeringkan dengan metode pengeringan oven, uap panas, dan alami. Pengujian sifat fisis yang dilakukan meliputi kadar air, perubahan warna, perubahan dimensi, serta penurunan berat selama proses pengeringan. Sifat pengeringan meliputi laju, waktu, dan cacat pengeringan. Metode pengeringan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap perubahan warna, perubahan kecerahan, penyusutan dimensi dan laju pengeringan. Sebanyak 17 sampel bambu tamiang yang dikeringkan alami mengalami serangan kumbang (Dinoderus minutus) dan 16 sampel diserang jamur pada bagian ujungnya. Deformasi diameter terjadi pada 9 sampel pengeringan oven, 4 sampel pengeringan uap panas, dan 3 sampel pengeringan alami.

Bamboo is a fast-growing plant that falls under the category of non-timber forest products. One type of bamboo that is potentially useful for making bamboo straws is tamiang bamboo (Schizostachyum blumei). However, there are several issues in the drying process. The aim of this research is to study the effect of various drying methods on the physical properties and drying characteristics of tamiang bamboo and to identify the types of organisms that attack tamiang bamboo during the drying process.Tamiang bamboo was dried using oven drying, steam drying, and natural drying methods. The physical properties tested include moisture content, color change, dimensional change, and weight loss during the drying process. The drying characteristics studied include the rate, time, and defects of drying. The drying method has a significant effect on color change, brightness change, dimensional shrinkage, and drying rate. A total of 17 naturally dried tamiang bamboo samples were attacked by beetles (Dinoderus minutus), and 16 samples were attacked by mold at the ends. Diameter deformation occurred in 9 oven-dried samples, 4 steam-dried samples, and 3 naturally dried samples.