Spatial Assessment of Illegal Plastic Waste and Environmental Impacts in Babakan and Cikarawang Villages in Bogor Regency.
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Date
2024Author
Oscar UMWANZISIWEMUREMYI
Abidin, Zaenal
Setiawan, Yudi
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Plastic has become an essential component of our daily lives due to its use in
packaging, construction, electronics and other applications. However, due to
inadequate disposal of plastic waste worldwide, plastic pollution has become an
urgent global challenge. In fact, according to the UNEP, out of 9.2 billion tons of
plastic produced between 1950 and 2017, around 76% ended up as waste. In 2019
alone, annual waste production reached 450 million tons, which is expected to rise
to 550 million tons by 2025 if the current waste management policies remain
unchanged. Indonesia alone generated 7.8 million tons of plastic waste, 63% of
which was mismanaged. Sadly, a significant portion of this waste is mishandled,
primarily through illegal dumping and other practices linked with landfills and
transportation. Illegal dumping, defined as the unauthorized disposal of waste in
parks, forests, vacant land, along roadsides, waterways and other areas, continues
to exacerbate the issue. This research aimed to spatially assess the illegal plastic
waste dumping and environmental impacts in the villages of Babakan and
Cikarawang in Bogor, Indonesia. We utilized the Avenza Maps application for data
collection, purposive and Yamane formula sampling to map factors that lead to
illegal dumping. In pursuit of this aim, we employed Geographic Information
System technology through Euclidean distance and logistic regression analysis. Our
findings revealed that 160 sites were engaging in illegal dumping of plastic waste.
Furthermore, 55.63% of these sites were at elevations ranging from 124 to 173
meters above sea level, while 82.5% were found at distances of 0 to 156 m from
rivers. In addition, 95% were within 0 to 136 meters from settlements, and 53.7%
were found in areas with scattered vegetation, underscoring the significance of
these parameters in driving the unlawful disposal of plastic waste, coupled with
other factors such as communities avoiding to pay for waste fees and lack of waste
collection facilities. As a result, our model proved that 35 polygons covering an
area of 4.244 Km2
in both villages are vulnerable to such practices. As a
consequence, they face water and air pollution, soil contamination, causing flooding
and ecosystem disruption, aggravation of climate change and biodiversity loss. We
concluded that plastic waste management laws and regulations need to be
strengthened along with the development of waste collection facilities and
promotion along with environmentally friendly packaging.