Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos di Ekosistem Mangrove Pesisir Desa Kaliwlingi, Brebes, Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove merupakan habitat flora dan fauna di daerah pantai dan berfungsi menopang hidup biota perairan salah satunya bentos. Makrozoobentos merupakan organisme yang hidup di dasar perairan dan dipengaruhi oleh kualitas perairan. Desa Kaliwlingi, Brebes, Jawa tengah memiliki vegetasi mangrove yang luas yang mengalami alih fungsi hutan menjadi tambak yang massif sehingga menyebabkan rusaknya ekosistem dan perlunya penelitian terkait makrozoobentos di kawasan mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis keanekaragaman makrozoobentos di ekosistem mangrove Desa Kaliwlingi, Brebes, Jawa Tengah yang dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2022. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode plot transek garis. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan melakukan survei dan pengamatan langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan mangrove tergolong jarang dengan kisaran 70 ind/1000 m2 dan keanekaragaman makrozoobentos tergolong rendah dengan kisaran 1,62. Jenis makrozoobentos yang ditemukan 7 jenis yaitu Cassidula vespertilionis, Cerithideopsilla cingulata, Cheilonereis sp., Polinices incei, Puperita sp., Sesarma sp., dan Telescopium telescopium. Jenis mangrove terdapat 3 jenis yaitu Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba dan Rhizophora mucronata. Substrat lokasi penelitian didominasi jenis pasir halus. Hasil analisis CA menunjukkan Makrozoobentos jenis Cerithideopsilla cingulata dan Telescopium telescopium berasosiasi dengan mangrove jenis Rhizophora mucronata dengan kerapatan terendah dan tertinggi serta Avicennia alba dengan kerapatan rendah; Cheilonereis sp., Cassidula vespertilionis, dan Sesarma sp.; Polinices incei berasosiasi dengan Avicennia alba kerapatan terendah; sedangkan Puperita sp. tidak berasosiasi dengan jenis mangrove yang ada di lokasi penelitian.

The mangrove ecosystem is a habitat for flora and fauna in coastal areas and functions to support the life of aquatic biota, one of which is the benthic. Macrozoobenthos are organisms that live at the bottom of the waters and are affected by water quality. Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes, Central Java has extensive mangrove vegetation which has experienced a conversion of forest functions into massive ponds causing damage to the ecosystem and its is necessary to carry out research related to macrozoobenthos in the mangrove area. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the capture of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove ecosystem of Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes, Central Java and was conducted in November 2022. The method used is the line transect plot method. Data collected by conducting surveys and direct observation. The results showed that the density of mangroves was relatively rare with a range of 70 ind/1000 m2 and macrozoobenthic habitats were classified as low with a range of 1.62. There were 7 types of macrozoobenthos found, such as Cassidula vespertilionis, Cerithideopsilla cingulata, Cheilonereis sp., Polinices incei, Puperita sp., Sesarma sp., and Telescopium telescopium. There are 3 types of mangroves namely Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba and Rhizophora mucronata. The substrate of the research location is dominated by fine sand. CA analysis results showed that the macrozoobenthos types Cerithideopsilla cingulata and Telescopium telescopium were associated with mangrove species Rhizophora mucronata with the lowest and highest densities and Avicennia alba with low densities; Cheilonereis sp., Cassidula vespertilionis, and Sesarma sp.; Polinices incei associated with Avicennia alba lowest density; while Puperita sp. not associated with mangrove species in the study area.