Identification and Nucleotide Sequence Variation of Begomovirus Causing Yellow Mosaic Disease on Several Crops
Date
2023-12-20Author
Hanifa, Ledia
Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti
Nurulita, Sari
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Show full item recordAbstract
Begomovirus is one of genera in the family Geminiviridae that has been
reported globally to cause significant yield losses on crops production. Its infection
causess typical symptoms, such as curling, yellow mosaic, and yellowing on the
leaf. In Indonesia, yellow mosaic diseases associated with various Begomoviruses
have been reported on chili pepper, yard long bean, cucumber and eggplant.
Therefore, the aims of this study are (i) to detect Begomoviruses infecting chili
pepper, yard long bean, cucumber, and eggplant and (ii) to analyze their genetic
variation to determine the dynamics of Begomovirus development in Indonesia in
the last ten years. Leaf samples were collected from infected plants (chili pepper,
yard long bean, cucumber, and eggplant) in Bogor (West Java) and Brebes (Central
Java). In addition, Begomovirus nucleic acid from the collection of Plant Virology
Laboratory were used as comparison. These samples were isolated ten years ago
from Bogor (West Java) and Magelang, Klaten, and Brebes (Central Java).
Begomovirus detection was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
method using a universal primer pair (SPG1/SPG2) followed by nucleotide
sequence analysis. DNA samples were successfully amplified from both field and
laboratory samples. Three Begomovirus species were identified, i.e., Pepper yellow
leaf curl Indonesia virus (PYLCIV) on chili pepper, Mungbean yellow mosaic India
virus (MYMIV) on yard long bean and Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus
(ToLCNDV) on cucumber and eggplant. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that all
samples from the field and laboratory were grouped in one cluster. However,
nucleotide base differences were found in each Begomovirus species. This finding
indicates a change in the nucleotide sequence of the virus over a period of time. Begomovirus adalah salah satu genera dalam famili Geminiviridae yang
telah dilaporkan secara global dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil yang nyata
pada produksi tanaman. Gejala infeksi Begomovirus umumnya menimbulkan
gejala khas, seperti keriting, mosaik kuning, dan daun menguning. Di Indonesia,
penyakit mosaik kuning yang diasosiasikan dengan berbagai Begomovirus telah
dilaporkan terjadi pada tanaman cabai, kacang panjang, mentimun, dan terung.
Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (i) mendeteksi Begomovirus yang
menginfeksi tanaman cabai, kacang panjang, mentimun, dan terung, dan (ii)
menganalisis variasi genetiknya untuk mengetahui dinamika perkembangan
Begomovirus di Indonesia dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Sampel daun
dikumpulkan dari tanaman yang terinfeksi (cabai, kacang panjang, mentimun, dan
terung) di Bogor (Jawa Barat) dan Brebes (Jawa Tengah). Selain itu, sampel asam
nukleat Begomovirus dari koleksi Laboratorium Virologi Tumbuhan digunakan
sebagai pembanding. Sampel tersebut diisolasi sepuluh tahun yang lalu dari
tanaman cabai, kacang panjang, mentimun, dan terung dari beberapa lokasi. Deteksi
Begomovirus dilakukan dengan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
menggunakan pasangan primer universal (SPG1/SPG2) yang dilanjutkan dengan
analisis sekuen nukleotida. Sampel DNA berhasil diamplifikasi dari sampel
lapangan dan laboratorium. Tiga spesies Begomovirus berhasil diidentifikasi, yaitu
Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PYLCIV) pada cabai, Mungbean yellow
mosaic India virus (MYMIV) pada kacang panjang, dan Tomato leaf curl New
Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) pada mentimun dan terung. Analisis pohon filogenetik
menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel dari lapangan dan laboratorium mengelompok
dalam satu klaster. Namun, perbedaan basa nukleotida ditemukan pada setiap
spesies Begomovirus. Temuan ini mengindikasikan adanya perubahan sikuen
nukleotida virus dalam kurun waktu tertentu.
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- UT - Plant Protection [2363]