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      Analisis Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Tiga Senyawa Flavonoid dari Buah Jeruk Nipis Menggunakan Teori Fungsi Kerapatan

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      Date
      2023-07
      Author
      Sukmawati, Sisqina Ummi
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      Abstract
      Radikal bebas tubuh dapat diklasifikasikan dari 2 jenis berdasarkan sumbernya, yaitu radikal bebas endogen dan eksogen. Radikal bebas endogen adalah radikal bebas yang berasal dari dalam tubuh sendiri seperti autoksidasi, oksidasi enzimatik dan respiratory burst, sedangkan radikal bebas eksogen adalah radikal bebas yang berasal dari luar tubuh seperti polusi udara, radiasi UV, sinarX, pestisida dan asap rokok. Menghadapi hal ini dibutuhkan antioksidan alami yang meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dengan mengikat radikal bebas. Ketersediaan andtioksidan alami sangat banyak ditemukan pada tanaman lokal seperti jeruk nipis dengan kandungan flavonoid seperti hesperetin, kuersetin, dan naringenin. Diperlukan analisis sifat antioksidan senyawa – senyawa tersebut untuk mengetahui kereaktifan molekul dalam menangkal radikal bebas. Melalui DFT dengan exchange-correlation B3LYP dan basis sets def2/SVP, penulis menganalisis sifat antioksidan hesperetin, kuersetin, dan naringenin. Perhitungan yang dilakukan dengan DFT adalah optimasi molekul, frekuensi vibrasi, dan single point energy. Analisis sifat antioksidan yang diinginkan dengan memperoleh nilai dari parameter BDE rendah, IP rendah, PDE rendah, PA rendah, dan ETE rendah melalui tiga mekanisme HAT, SPLET, dan SET-PT. Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan parameter nilai reaktivitas global yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai energi HOMO dan energi LUMO. Antioksidan yang baik diperoleh dengan nilai parameter reaktivitas global yaitu energi gap kecil, elektronegativitas besar, potensial kimia lebih positif, hardness kecil, softness besar, electrophilicity besar, nucleophilicity kecil, energi ionisasi kecil, dan afinitas elektron besar.
       
      Free radicals can be classified into 2 types based on their source, namely endogenous and exogenous free radicals. Endogenous free radicals are free radicals originating from within the body itself such as autoxidation, enzymatic oxidation and respiratory burst, while exogenous free radicals are free radicals originating from outside the body such as air pollution, UV radiation, X-rays, pesticides and cigarette smoke. In dealing with this condition, natural antioxidants are needed to enhance human body’s immune system by scavenging free radicals. Natural antoxidant are abundantly found in local plants such as lime fruits, which contain flavonoids like hesperetin, quercetin, and naringenin. The analysis of the antioxidant properties of these compounds is necessary to understand their molecular reactivity in neutralizing free radicals. Using DFT with the B3LYP exchange-correlation functional and def2/SVP basis sets, the author analyzed the antioxidant properties of hesperetin, quercetin, and naringenin. The DFT calculations involved molecular optimization, vibrational frequency analysis, and single-point energy calculation. The analysis aimed to identify desirable antioxidant properties, characterized by low BDE, low IP, low PDE, low PA, and low ETE, through three mechanisms: HAT, SPLET, and SET-PT. Additionally, the global reactivity values were analyzed, influenced by the HOMO energy and LUMO energy. Excellent antioxidants were identified by having small gap energy, high electronegativity, most positive value of chemical potential, low hardness, high softness, high electrophilicity, low nucleophilicity, low ionization energy, and high electron affinity
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/121609
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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