dc.contributor.advisor | Darwis, Abdul Aziz | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Saeni, M.Sri | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Fauzi, Anas M. | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Supriyanto | |
dc.contributor.author | Kusarpoko, Budi | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-06-14T06:29:55Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-06-14T06:29:55Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2003 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/119160 | |
dc.description.abstract | Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah mengoptimalkan proses pengendapan pati,
dengan mengamati ukuran serat parutan, jwnlah air untuk ekstraksi, fenomena
pengendapan butiran pati clan ukuran bak pengendapan.
Taliap penting da1am produksi tapioka ada1ah proses pengendapan Suspensi
tapioka mengalir di sepanjang bak pengendapan dengan kecepatan rendah untuk
mengendapkan butiran pati. Terdapat dua macain kecepatan yang bekerja pada
butiran pati, yakni kecepatan linier aliran dan kecepatan terminal karena ~ya
gravitasi. Resultan kedua kecepatan ini akan menentukan posisi jatuhnya butiran
pati. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengarnati korelasi antara laju alir, tinggi
permukaan a1iran dan panjang bak pengendapan.
Kecepatan terminal pada aliran laminer dan butiran berbentuk bola biasanya
menganut hukwn Stokes. Bentuk granu]a tapioka tidak sepenuhnya berbentuk bola.
Korelasi barn dikembangkan untuk menghitung kecepatan j&tuh bebas butiran yang
tidak berbentuk bola berdasar pada Hukum Stokes. Kecepat.an terminal pati tapioka
di dalam tabwig kaca diukur dan chbandingkan dengan nnnus barn. Penelitian juga
dilakukan untuk menghitung pengaruh konsentrasi suspemi tapioka terhadap
kecepatanpengeMapan.
Kecepatan linier aliran suspensi di bak kaca yang digunakan dalam penelitian
adalah 300, 250, 200 and 150 m/jam. Bentuk sedimen tapioka menyerupai prisma
segiti~ hal ini mengindikasikan volume sedimen Volume sedimen digunakan
untuk memperkirakan ukuran bak pengendapan. Studi kasus dilaksanakan pada skaJa
pilot plant dengan kapasitas 1 ton dan IO ton tapioka.
Jum1ah air pengekstrak dan ukuran parutan menentukan besamya rendemen
Rendemen tertinggi dicapai oleh jwnlah air ekstraksi 10 L / 300 g pati ( setara dengan
konsentrasi 30 g!L) dan ukuran parutan 320 μm x 270 μm, yakni sebesar 30.25 %.
Kecepatan pengendapan butiran tlJnWll tapioka sesuai dengan bentuknya
yaitu 7.15 cmfJ31I1. sedangkan pada konsentrasi suspensi 30 glL adalah 6 cm/jam.
Korelasi antara kecepatan pengendapan butiran tunggal tapioka dan hukum Stokes
adalah: v1 = (Pp-Pt) g D//18μ x 0.86
Nilai 0.86 adalah faktor koreksi yang diperoleh secara empiris.
Kecepatan pengendapan suspensi tapioka dengan konsentrasi 30 glL adalah :
Vs =(Pp-Pt)gD//18μx 0.86x(E)5
Dalam merancang bangun bak pengendapan dapat digunakan patokan duga
kesetaraan antara Jaju alir dan tinggi permukaan aliran terhadap panjang bak yang
dituliskan dalam formulasi :
p=(vi/6)xh
0 < Vh< 300
h>O
kete~: p = panjang bak (m).
h = tinggi permukaan aliran ( cm).
vh = kecepatan alir ( m/jam) | id |
dc.description.abstract | The main objectives of this research were to optimize the settling process of
starch particle, by observed the siz.e of the pulp, the consumption of water, the
phenomenon of the tapioca starch during settling process and the dimension of
settling basin.
The most important in the production of tapioca is the settling process. The
suspension was flow along the settling basin in low velocity due to settle the
starch particle. Two kind of velocities act on starch particle, were the linear
velocity of the flow and the terminal velocity caused by the gravitation. The
vector sum of these velocities will detennine the fulling position of starch particle.
Research was done to observed the correlation among the flow velocity, the
height of the flow surface and the length of the settling basin
The tertninal settling velocities generally follows the Stokes Law for
laminar flow and sphere particle. The shape of tapioca particle was not fully
sphere. New correlation have been developed to estimate the steady-state free-fall
of non spherical particle base on Stokes law. The tenninal velocities of tapioca
starch in glass tube have been measured and compare to the value predicted by the
proposed formula. The effect of concentration of tapioca suspension to the new
formula also observed.
The linear flow velocity of the suspension in the glass basin are 300, 250, 200
and 150 m/h carried out in this research. The shape of the tapioca sediment
shows as the triangle prism, indicate the volume of the sediment. The volume of
the sediment is used to estimated the dimension of the settling basin; Case study
was carried out in the small and medium scale of tapioca industries with
capacity 1 ton and 10 tons tapioca.
The highest yield achieved by the finer pulp siz.e of 320 μm x 270 μm, was
30.25 %. The settling velocity of single particle of tapioca was 7.15 cm/h, while
at the concentration of 30 g/ L starch was 6 cm/h. The correlation between the
velocity of single particle and the Stokes Law was Vt = ( pp - p1) g D// 18μ x
0.86. The value of 0.86 was correction factor found by empirical. While at the
higher concentration was Vs = ( PP - p1) g D// 18μ x 0.86 x (£)5·
To design the settling basin using the equivalent of flow velocity and the
depth of suspension related to the length was formulated by :
p=(vi,/6)xh
0 <vh< 3()()
h>O
Note p = the le11f:,Jth of the basin (m).
h = the height of the flow surface (cm).
vh = the flow velocity (m/h) | id |
dc.language.iso | id | id |
dc.publisher | IPB (Bogor Agricultural University) | id |
dc.subject.ddc | Stach | id |
dc.subject.ddc | Cassava starch | id |
dc.title | Optimalisasi proses pengendapan pati pada industri tapioka skala kecil dan menengah | id |
dc.title.alternative | Optimization of Settling Process of Starch in Small and Medium Scale Tapioca Industries | id |
dc.type | Dissertation | id |
dc.subject.keyword | Tapioca Industries | id |
dc.subject.keyword | Starch | id |
dc.subject.keyword | Cassava starch | id |