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      Sintesis Injectable Bone Substitute Berbahan Nanohidroksiapatit/ Kitosan/ Alginat

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Solihah, Mia Maesarotus
      Nuzulia, Nur Aisyah
      Sari, Yessie Widya
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      Abstract
      Tulang merupakan jaringan tubuh yang penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Kerusakan tulang dapat diakibatkan kecelakaan seperti patah tulang atau penyakit seperti osteodegeneratif, tumor dan keropos. Cara untuk memperbaiki kerusakan tulang yaitu dengan implantasi tulang seperti autograf atau allograf. Namun, pengadaan yang terbatas dan resiko penularan penyakit menyebabkan pengganti tulang sintesis banyak dikembangkan. Biomaterial yang sering digunakan yaitu hidroksiapatit, karena memiliki kesamaan dengan mineral alami tulang dan mempercepat regenerasi tulang baru. Kerusakan tulang pada area yang sulit dijangkau dan berbentuk tidak teratur menyebabkan implantasi tulang sulit dilakukan, sehingga dibuat pengganti tulang suntik (injectable bone substitute). IBS merupakan brushite atau mineral apatit yang diperoleh dengan mencampurkan serbuk prekursor kalsium fosfat dengan larutan cair (polimer kitosan-alginat) yang dapat membentuk gel. Komposisi anorganik/organik dan variasi konsentrasi polimer kitosan-alginat berpengaruh terhadap nilai viskositas, injektabilitas, ketahanan dan setting time. Pasta IBS yang memiliki viskositas dan kemapampuan injeksi yang baik serta dapat bertahan saat berada didalam larutan ringer laktat menunjukkan suspensi yang baik untuk pasta IBS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sintesis IBS berbahan nanohidroksiapatit/kitosan/alginat berhasil dibuat dengan komposisi terbaik pada perbandingan anorganik/organik 50/50 dan konsentrasi polimer kitosan-alginat 1%. Sampel menunjukkan persen injektabilitas yang tinggi, tidak cepat mengering serta kemampuan mempertahankan posisinya saat berada didalam larutan ringer laktat.
       
      Bone is an important body tissue in human life. Bone defect can be caused by accidents such as fractures or diseases such as osteodegenerative, tumor and porous. The way to repair bone defect is by bone implantation such as autographs or allografts. However, limited procurement and the risk of disease transmission have led to the development of synthetic bone substitutes. A frequently used biomaterial is hydroxyapatite, because it has similarities with natural bone minerals and accelerates the regeneration of new bone. Bone defect in hard-to-reach and irregularly shaped areas makes bone implantation difficult, so injectable bone substitutes are made. IBS is a brushite or apatite mineral obtained by mixing calcium phosphate precursor powder with a liquid solution (chitosan-alginate polymer) that can form a gel. Inorganic/organic composition and variation of chitosan-alginate polymer concentration affect viscosity, injectability, durability and setting time. IBS paste that has good viscosity and injectability and can survive while in lactated ringer solution shows a good suspension for IBS paste. Based on the results of the research, the synthesis of IBS made from nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan/alginate was successfully made with the best composition at an inorganic/organic ratio of 50/50 and a chitosan-alginate polymer concentration of 1%. The sample showed a high percentage of injectability, did not dry out quickly and the ability to maintain its position while in lactated ringer solution.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/116369
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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