Keanekaragaman dan Asosiasi Gastropoda Epifauna pada Mangrove dan Lamun Pulau Tidung Kecil, Kepulauan Seribu

Abstract

Pulau Tidung Kecil memiliki berbagai ekosistem pesisir, seperti ekosistem mangrove dan lamun. Kedua ekosistem tersebut menjadi tempat berlindung, mencari makan, dan memijah bagi gastropoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keanekaragaman dan asosiasi gastropoda epifauna pada mangrove dan lamun Pulau Tidung Kecil, Kepulauan Seribu. Pengamatan data mangrove, lamun, dan gastropoda dilakukan pada 4 (empat) stasiun dengan metode transek garis dan transek kuadrat, setiap stasiun dilakukan pengukuran kualitas perairan. Gastropoda epifauna yang ditemukan pada lokasi penelitian terdiri dari 25 spesies dan 11 famili yaitu famili Cerithiidae, Ellobiidae, Littorinidae, Muricidae, Nassariidae, Naticidae, Neritidae, Potamididae, Strombidae, Trochidae, dan Turbinidae dengan nilai keanekaragaman keseluruhan stasiun tergolong sedang. Spesies gastropoda epifauna yang mendominasi yaitu Terebralia palustris dari famili Potamididae. Spesies mangrove yang ditemukan pada lokasi penelitian yaitu Rhizophora stylosa, sedangkan spesies lamun yaitu Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Halophila ovalis. Kualitas perairan pesisir Pulau Tidung Kecil tergolong baik untuk mangrove, lamun, dan gastropoda dengan tipe substrat lempung berdebu. Hasil analisis CA menunjukkan bahwa famili gastropoda Cerithiidae, Ellobiidae, Muricidae, Naticidae, Neritidae, Strombidae, dan Turbinidae berasosiasi dengan lamun, sedangkan famili gastropoda Littorinidae dan Trochidae berasosiasi dengan mangrove.

Tidung Kecil Island has various coastal ecosystems, such as mangrove and seagrass ecosystems. Both ecosystems provide shelter, foraging, and spawning for gastropods. This study aims to analyze the diversity and association of epifauna gastropods in the mangrove and seagrass of Tidung Kecil Island, Seribu Island. Observation of mangrove, seagrass, and gastropod data was carried out at 4 (four) stations using line transect and quadratic transect methods, each station measuring water quality. The epifauna gastropods found at the study site consisted of 25 species and 11 families, namely Cerithiidae, Ellobiidae, Littorinidae, Muricidae, Nassariidae, Naticidae, Neritidae, Potamididae, Strombidae, Trochidae, and Turbinidae with the overall diversity value of the stations classified as moderate. The dominant epifauna gastropod species was Terebralia palustris from family Potamididae. The mangrove species found at the research site was Rhizophora stylosa, while the seagrass species were Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halophila ovalis. The coastal water quality of Tidung Kecil Island was classified as good for mangroves, seagrasses, and gastropods with a silt loam type of substrate. The results of CA analysis showed that the gastropod families Cerithiidae, Ellobiidae, Muricidae, Naticidae, Neritidae, Strombidae, and Turbinidae were associated with seagrass, while the gastropod families Littorinidae and Trochidae were associated with mangrove.