By Catch pada Perikanan Jaring Tarik Berkantong di Pelabuhan Perikanan yang Berbasis di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Tegalsari, Tegal, Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Jaring tarik berkantong (danish seine) merupakan pengganti cantrang yang dominan di PPP Tegalsari. Hasil tangkapan jaring tarik berkantong adalah ikan pelagis dan demersal yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Tetapi terdapat hasil tangkapan sampingan yang tidak didata dan atau dibuang di laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan unit penangkapan jaring tarik berkantong; menghitung komposisi HTU dan bycatch serta mengestimasi jumlah bycatch; dan menganalisis dampak penangkapan terhadap tingkat trofik sumberdaya ikan di PPP Tegalsari. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung dan wawancara kepada nelayan jaring tarik berkantong. Responden berjumlah 12 unit penangkapan yang diambil secara accidental sampling. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, estimasi bycatch dan penentuan trophic level hasil tangkapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa komposisi hasil tangkapan utama sebesar 22,12% sedangkan bycatch 77,88% dari total berat keseluruhan sebesar 435.555 kg. Ditemukan 23 jenis ikan hasil tangkapan jaring tarik berkantong dengan 9 spesies jenis ikan hasil tangkapan utama (HTU) dan 14 spesies jenis ikan hasil tangkapan sampingan (HTS). HTU yang dominan yaitu cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.), sedangkan HTS yang dominan yaitu ikan kurisi (Nemipterus japonicus). Estimasi jumlah bycatch dari 12 kapal dengan total 121 kapal jaring tarik berkantong sebesar 339.200 kg. Hasil tangkapan didominasi oleh jenis ikan kelompok omnivora (TL 3) yang cenderung pemakan hewan sebesar 43%.

Jaring tarik berkantong, classified as danish seine, is a fishing gear that replaces the dominant cantrang in Tegalsari fish landing place. This gear catch pelagic and demersal fishes, which have high economic value. However, some by catches were not recorded, and some have been dumped in the middle of the sea. This study aims to describe the fishing unit for jaring tarik berkantong (modified danish seine); calculate the composition of target species and by-catch and estimate the number of by-catches; analyze the impact of fishing on the trophic level of fish resources in PPP Tegalsari. The research was conducted by direct observation and interviews with seine fishermen. Respondents amounted to 12 fishing units taken by clusterized sampling. The data were analyzed descriptively by-catch estimation and determining the trophic level of the catch. The results showed that the composition of the main catch was 22.12%, while the by-catch was 77.88% of the total weight of 435.555 kg. There were 23 fish caught, with 9 main catches (HTU) and 14 species of by-catches (HTS) species. The dominant by-catch was squid (Loligo sp.), while the dominant by-catch was kurisi fish (Nemipterus japonicus). The estimated by-catch from 12 vessels made of 121 seiners was 339,200 kg. The catch was dominated by omnivorous fish species (TL 3), which tend to eat animals by 43%