Gender dan Beban Kerja Pekerja di Sektor Formal selama Work From Home akibat Pandemi COVID-19

Abstract

Work From Home (WFH) merupakan skema baru yang diterapkan sektor formal akibat pandemi COVID-19. Momen tersebut merupakan tantangan bagi pekerja formal yang sudah menikah karena harus memenuhi tanggung jawabnya di pekerjaan produktif dan reproduktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis beban kerja pria dan wanita selama WFH. Beban kerja ditentukan oleh total waktu dan kegiatan ketika menyelesaikan pekerjaan produktif dan reproduktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan 60 responden, metode survei, wawancara mendalam dan observasi untuk mengumpulkan data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif. Teknik accidental sampling digunakan untuk memilih responden dan mengelompokkannya ke dalam 4 kategori Life Cycle. Terdapat perbedaan antara beban kerja laki-laki dan perempuan baik sebelum maupun selama WFH dan perempuan memiliki beban kerja lebih dibandingkan laki-laki. Isu gender yang ditemukan yaitu beban ganda pada perempuan, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga secara psikologis dan keberadaan kebijakan yang bersifat responsif gender di perkantoran masa kini.

Work from home (WFH) is a new work scheme, implemented by formal sectors in Indonesia due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This brings new challenges for married formal workers as they have to fulfill their duties in both productive and reproductive works. This study aims to analyze the workload of men and women during WFH. The workload is determined by the length of time they spend and activities done to complete their productive and reproductive work. This research was conducted using 60 respondents, survey method, in-depth interview and observation to collect the quantitative as well as qualitative datas. Accidental sampling technique is used to select respondents and group them to 4 Life Cycle categories. This research finds that there is a difference between the workload of men and women on both before and during WFH as women still carried out more workload than men. There are several gender issues that occurred such as double burden on women, domestic violence in the form of psychological violence and gender-responsive policy in the nowadays offices.