Sebaran Beberapa Logam Berat pada Air dan Sedimen di Perairan Pantai Muka Bojonegara, Teluk Banten

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan pola sebaran beberapa logam berat di air dan sedimen berdasarkan variabilitas musim dan potensi sumber serta menduga tingkat kualitas perairan di Perairan Bojonegara, Teluk Banten. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2020 di enam titik stasiun pengamatan dari daerah sungai ke laut. Analisis logam berat mengikuti prosedur APHA 2012. Analisis data yang dilakukan terdiri dari sebaran kandungan logam berat dan hubungan parameter kualitas air dengan logam berat. Konsentrasi logam terlarut umumnya masih rendah (tidak terdeteksi) terutama Hg, Cd, dan Pb di semua stasiun pengamatan, sedangkan logam jenis Cu ditemukan di seluruh stasiun dengan kisaran konsentrasi <0.0002-0.0075 mg/L. Konsentrasi logam Cu, Cd, dan Pb dalam sedimen terdeteksi di beberapa lokasi pengamatan dengan kisaran konsentrasi <0.02-3.90 mg/kg Cu, <0.02-1.68 mg/kg Cd, dan <0.02-0.6.71 mg/kg Pb. Di antara konsentrasi tersebut, pada beberapa lokasi Cd terindikasi melebihi baku mutu untuk kehidupan organisme. Berdasarkan hasil analisis korelasi, konsentrasi logam berat pada suatu perairan dapat dipengaruhi oleh TSS, kekeruhan, salinitas serta oseanografi perairan. Kata kunci: konsentrasi, sebaran logam berat, Teluk Banten

The aims of this research were to map the seasonal variability of the distribution pattern of several heavy metals in water and sediment based on heavy metals concentrations and potential sources and to estimate the level of water quality at Bojonegara Foreshore, Banten Bay. The research was conducted for three months in August-October 2020 at six stations from the river area to the sea. Analysis of heavy metals followed the APHA 2012 procedures. Data analysis consisted of the distribution of heavy metals and correlation of water quality parameters to heavy metals. The concentration of dissolved metals in generally still low (undetectable), especially Hg, Cd, and Pb at all observation stations, while the type of Cu metal was found at all stations with a concentrations range of <0.0002-0.0075 mg/L. Cu, Cd, and Pb concentrasions in sediments were detected at several observation locations with a concentration range <0.02-3.90 mg/kg Cd, <0.02-1.68 mg/kg Cd, <0.02-6.71 mg/kg Pb. Among these concentrations, at several locations, Cd were indicated to exceed the quality standard for organism life. The concentration of heavy metal is influenced by TSS, turbidity, salinity, and water oceanography phenomenon. Keywords: concentration, distribution of heavy metals, Banten Bay