Pengaruh Cendawan Endofit terhadap Pertumbuhan Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W Grimes)
Abstract
Cendawan endofit dilaporkan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan
ketahanan tanaman terhadap cekaman biotik dan abiotik. Cendawan endofit
memiliki kemampuan yang berbeda-beda dalam mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan pengaruh pemberian perlakuan cendawan
endofit terhadap pertumbuhan sengon. Cendawan endofit yang digunakan yaitu
Ochroconis sp., Cladophialophora sp., Ascotricha sp., Arthrinium malaysianum,
dan Aspergillus sp. Inokulasi cendawan endofit dilakukan pada saat sengon
berumur 3 minggu. Hasil penelitian pemberian cendawan endofit tidak berpengaruh
nyata terhadap parameter diameter, berat basah total, dan kadar air tanaman; tetapi
berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi dan berat kering total. Cendawan
endofit Cladophialophora sp., Ascotricha sp., dan A. malaysianum dapat
meningkatkan tinggi sengon; Aspergillus sp. dapat meningkatkan berat kering total
dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Sedangkan perlakuan Ochroconis sp. tidak berbeda
nyata dengan kontrol dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan sengon. Nilai nisbah
pucuk akar (NPA) berada pada kisaran 1,13-1,43, nilai indeks mutu bibit (IMB)
berada pada kisaran 0,65-1,03 yang menunjukkan bibit memiliki pertumbuhan
pucuk dan akar yang seimbang serta distribusi biomassa yang baik. Endophytic fungi were reported to be able to increase plant growth and
resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The endophytic fungi have various abilities
to support plant growth. This study aims to determine the effect of endophytic fungi
administration on the growth of sengon. The endophytic fungi that were used are
Ochroconis sp., Cladophialophora sp., Ascotricha sp., Arthrinium malaysianum,
and Aspergillus sp. The inoculation process was carried out when sengon was three
weeks old. This study shows that inoculation of endophytic fungi did not
significantly affect the parameters of diameter, total wet weight, and water content;
however, it gave significant effect on the parameters of height and total dry weight.
The Cladophialophora sp., Ascotricha sp., and A. malaysianum endophytic fungi
increased the height of sengon; Aspergillus sp. can improve the total dry weight
compared to the control. While the treatment of Ochroconis sp. was not
significantly different from the control in improving the growth of sengon. The
shoot root ratio value was 1.13-1.43, and the Dickson quality index value was 0,65-
1,03 indicating that the seedlings have balanced shoot and root growth and good
biomass distribution.
Collections
- UT - Silviculture [1359]