Penilaian Postur Kerja Menggunakan Analisis REBA dan RULA pada Kegiatan Penebangan Jati Masak Tebang

Abstract

Salah satu kegiatan pemanenan hutan adalah pemanenan jati masak tebang yang terdiri dari kegiatan penebangan, pembagian batang, penyaradan, muat bongkar, dan pengangkutan. Kegiatan pemanenan jati memiliki risiko yang membahayakan kesehatan dan keselamatan pekerjanya seperti risiko Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Karena itu diperlukan tindakan pencegahan agar mengurangi risiko MSDs dalam kegiatan penebangan jati dengan analisis postur kerja ekstrem dan aksi ergonomi. Postur kerja esktrem dipilih melalui analisis Range of Motion (ROM), yang kemudian dianalisis risiko postur kerja dengan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa segmen tubuh yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap risiko MSDs yang diterima oleh operator penebangan jati ialah bagian punggung, lengan atas, serta besaran beban yang diterima. Aksi ergonomi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi risiko MSDs berupa menggunakan postur kerja rekomendasi, menghindari postur membungkuk dan mengganti dengan postur berlutut, menggunakan alat chainsaw yang memiliki beban lebih ringan dan pemeliharaan alat yang baik, serta adanya waktu istirahat aktif bagi operator.

One of the forest harvesting activities is teak harvesting that consists of felling, trunk dividing, skidding, loading and unloading, and transportation. Teak harvesting activities have risks that endanger the health and safety of their workers, such as the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Therefore, preventive measures are needed to reduce the risk of MSDs in teak felling activities by analyzing extreme work postures and ergonomic actions. Extreme work postures are selected through Range of Motion (ROM) analysis, then followed by analyzing work posture risk using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) methods. The results of the analysis show that the body segments that greatly influence the risk of MSDs received by operators of teak felling are the back, upper arms, and the amount of load received. Ergonomic actions that can be taken to reduce the risk of MSDs include using recommended work postures, avoiding slouching postures and replacing them with kneeling postures, using chainsaws that have a lighter load and good maintenance, as well as having active rest periods for operators.