Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Taman Kota Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang Selatan

Abstract

Tumbuhan paku yang dijumpai di ruang terbuka hijau cukup beragam meliputi kelompok epifit dan terestrial. Taman kota berfungsi sebagai area rekreasi publik. Tumbuhan paku di taman kota berperan dalam menyeimbangkan ekosistem. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan paku di hutan alami sudah banyak dilaporkan sebelumnya, namun untuk taman kota belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tumbuhan paku, serta menganalisis komposisi dan keterkaitan antara kondisi iklim mikro terhadap keanekaragaman tumbuhan paku di Taman Kota Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang Selatan. Data keanekaragaman tumbuhan paku diperoleh dengan metode kuadrat bertingkat dan pembuatan plot (2 m x 2 m untuk paku terestrial dan 60 cm x 50 cm untuk paku epifit). Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap keanekaragaman tumbuhan paku dianalisis dengan Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Tumbuhan paku di Taman Kota Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang Selatan berjumlah 14 spesies termasuk dalam 9 famili yang terdiri atas 10 paku terestrial dan 4 paku epifit. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keanekaragaman tumbuhan paku yaitu kelembapan, suhu, intensitas cahaya dan kecepatan angin. Paku terestrial yang memiliki indeks nilai penting tertinggi yaitu Cyclosorus heterocarpus (74,95%) dan paku epifit yaitu Drynaria quercifolia (83,80%).

The ferns found in green open spaces are quite diverse, including epiphytic and terrestrial groups. City parks serve as public recreation areas. Ferns in city parks play a role in balancing the ecosystem. The diversity of ferns in natural forest has been reported before, but for city parks it has not been studied much. This study aimed to identify fern, as well as analyze the composition and association between microclimate conditions to the diversity of fern in Taman Kota Bumi Serpong Damai, South Tangerang. Data on the diversity of ferns were obtained by stratified squares method and plotting (2 x 2 m for terrestrial fern and 60 x 50 cm for epiphytic fern). Factors that influence the diversity of ferns were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). There are 14 species of ferns in Bumi Serpong Damai City Park, including 9 families, consisting of 10 terrestrial ferns and 4 epiphytic ferns. The factors that influence the diversity of ferns are humidity, temperature, light intensity and wind speed. The terrestrial fern with the highest index of importance was Cyclosorus heterocarpus (74.95%) and epiphytic fern was Drynaria quercifolia (83.80%).