http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/53 Fri, 24 Apr 2026 05:06:55 GMT 2026-04-24T05:06:55Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172310 Metagenomik Keragaman Komunitas Fungi Pada Tanah Mangrove Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai Sulawesi Tenggara Koswandy, Monita Litania Ekosistem mangrove berperan penting dalam mendukung keseimbangan lingkungan, melalui aktivitas mikroorganisme seperti fungi. Informasi terkait komunitas fungi di kawasan mangrove, seperti Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keragaman dan potensi fungsional komunitas fungi tanah mangrove TNRAW menggunakan pendekatan metagenomik berbasis sekuens ITS2. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pengambilan sampel tanah dari lima titik, ekstraksi DNA, dan evaluasi kualitas hasil ekstraksi DNA. Sekuensing dilakukan dengan Oxford Nanopore Technologies PromethION 2 Solo, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan platform UseGalaxy dan R. Sekuensing seluruh sampel menghasilkan 378.926 sekuens dengan 77.666.929 basa. Keanekaragaman fungi pada seluruh sampel tanah mangrove tinggi dengan genus Malassezia, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Neurospora. Prediksi fungsional komunitas fungi menunjukkan aktivitas metabolisme energi, dan lipid. Keberadaan gen regulasi sel RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor menunjukan kemampuan fungi beradaptasi terhadap lingkungan mangrove yang ekstrim.; Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in maintaining environmental balance through the activities of microorganisms such as fungi. Information regarding fungal communities in mangrove ecosystems, such as Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai, remains limited. This study aimed to identify the diversity and functional potential of soil fungal communities in the mangrove ecosystem of TNRAW using an ITS2-based metagenomic approach. The methods included soil sampling from five sites, DNA extraction, and evaluation of DNA extraction quality. Sequencing was performed using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies PromethION 2 Solo platform, while data analysis was conducted using the UseGalaxy platform and R. Sequencing of all samples generated a total of 378.926 sequences with 77.666.929 bases. Fungal diversity across all mangrove soil samples was high, with the genera Malassezia, Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Neurospora being dominant. Functional prediction of the fungal community indicated activities related to energy and lipid metabolism. The presence of regulatory genes encoding the RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor suggests the ability of fungi to adapt to the extreme environmental conditions of mangrove ecosystems. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172310 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172246 Prediksi Kandidat Bakteriosin Menggunakan AntiSMASH dan Optimasi Waktu Inkubasi Komagataeibacter xylinus Berdasarkan Pola Pertumbuhan serta Profil Protein Qur’ani, Elvaretta Aura Komagataeibacter xylinus dikenal sebagai bakteri penghasil selulosa, namun potensinya dalam menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif seperti bakteriosin masih terbatas dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi waktu inkubasi K. xylinus berdasarkan pola pertumbuhan serta mengidentifikasi protein kandidat bakteriosin. Pola pertumbuhan dianalisis melalui pengukuran OD600 dan bobot kering sel selama inkubasi 96 jam. Profil protein terlarut dianalisis menggunakan metode SDS-PAGE, sedangkan potensi genetik produksi bakteriosin dikaji secara in silico menggunakan antiSMASH. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa K. xylinus memasuki fase eksponensial pada 48–96 jam inkubasi. Pita protein berukuran antara 10–15 kDa terdeteksi pada inkubasi 72 dan 96 jam dan mengindikasikan bahwa rentang waktu tersebut berpotensi menjadi waktu inkubasi optimum untuk produksi protein berukuran kecil. Namun, temuan ini masih bersifat indikatif dan memerlukan konfirmasi lebih lanjut melalui uji aktivitas antimikroba serta identifikasi protein secara spesifik. Ukuran protein tersebut konsisten dengan karakteristik umum bakteriosin, khususnya kelas II. Selain itu, analisis antiSMASH mengungkap keberadaan klaster gen RiPP-like pada genom K. xylinus. Penelitian ini memberikan dasar awal mengenai potensi K. xylinus sebagai penghasil protein kandidat bakteriosin.; Komagataeibacter xylinus is widely known as a cellulose-producing bacterium, yet its potential to produce other bioactive compounds such as bacteriocins remains underexplored. This study aimed to optimize the incubation time of K. xylinus based on its growth pattern and to identify candidate bacteriocin proteins. Growth was monitored using optical density (OD600) and cell dry weight over a 96-hour incubation period. Soluble protein profiles were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, while the genetic potential for bacteriocin production was assessed in silico using antiSMASH. K. xylinus entered the exponential phase between 48 and 96 hours. Protein bands of 10–15 kDa were detected at 72 and 96 hours, suggesting this period may be favorable for low-molecular-weight protein production. however, this finding is still indicative and requires confirmation through antimicrobial assays and specific protein identification. AntiSMASH analysis also revealed a RiPP-like biosynthetic gene cluster in the K. xylinus genome. Overall, this study provides preliminary evidence for the bacteriocin-producing potential of K. xylinus. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172246 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172192 Optimasi pH, Suhu, dan Ion Logam Terhadap Aktivitas Fitase Aspergillus niger IPBCC 93 0265 Naufal, Muhammad Bintang Arhab Fitase merupakan enzim penting yang berperan dalam menghidrolisis asam fitat, sehingga pemahaman terhadap karakteristik aktivitasnya menjadi hal yang krusial. Penelitian ini berfokus pada penentuan pengaruh pH, suhu, dan ion logam terhadap aktivitas fitase yang dihasilkan oleh Aspergillus niger IPBCC 93 0265. Enzim diproduksi melalui fermentasi cair, kemudian dimurnikan secara parsial menggunakan metode fraksinasi amonium sulfat dan dialisis. Aktivitas fitase dianalisis pada variasi pH, suhu, serta penambahan beberapa ion logam dan EDTA pada konsentrasi 2 mM dan 5 mM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi protein 30–80% memiliki aktivitas spesifik tertinggi sebesar 3,4 U/mg. Aktivitas optimum fitase diperoleh pada pH 5 dan suhu 60 °C dengan bobot molekul sekitar 55 kDa. Penambahan ion logam secara umum meningkatkan aktivitas fitase, sedangkan EDTA menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas yang lebih rendah.; Phytase is an important enzyme that plays a role in the hydrolysis of phytic acid; therefore, understanding its activity characteristics is essential. This study focused on determining the effects of pH, temperature, and metal ions on the activity of phytase produced by Aspergillus niger IPBCC 93 0265. The enzyme was produced through submerged fermentation and partially purified using ammonium sulfate fractionation and dialysis. The enzyme was partially purified using ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by dialysis. Phytase activity was analyzed under various pH and temperature conditions and in the presence of several metal ions and EDTA at concentrations of 2 mM and 5 mM. The results showed that the 30–80% protein fraction exhibited the highest specific activity of 3.4 U/mg. The optimum phytase activity was observed at pH 5 and a temperature of 60 °C, with a molecular weight of approximately 55 kDa. The addition of metal ions generally increased enzyme activity, whereas EDTA resulted in a lower increase in activity. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172192 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172184 Identifikasi Komunitas Mikrobioma pada Asosiasi Spons Laut melalui Sekuensing 16S rRNA dan Analisis Platform QIIME2 Rasyid, Anggita Regina Studi mengenai mikrobioma yang berasosiasi dengan hewan sebagian besar masih berfokus pada vertebrata, sedangkan komunitas mikroba pada invertebrata laut relatif kurang dieksplorasi. Spons laut merupakan kelompok invertebrata yang kaya akan mikrobioma karena berperan sebagai filter feeder di lingkungan laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komunitas mikrobioma yang berasosiasi dengan spons laut di Perairan Tulamben, Bali, serta mengevaluasi potensi fungsi metaboliknya. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis gen 16S rRNA menggunakan platform QIIME2, dengan visualisasi data dilakukan melalui package ampvis2 pada RStudio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dominasi takson Rhodobacteraceae, Caldilineaceae, dan Nitrosopumilaceae. Indeks keanekaragaman alfa (Shannon) tertinggi ditemukan pada sampel Batu Lumbang. Analisis potensi fungsi metabolik mengindikasikan kelimpahan enzim penting seperti NADH:ubiquinone reductase, FabG, DNA polymerase, dan glutathione S-transferase, yang berperan dalam proses respirasi, biosintesis asam lemak, sintesis DNA, dan detoksifikasi.; Studies on microbiomes associated with animals have predominantly focused on vertebrates, while microbial communities in marine invertebrates remain relatively unexplored. Marine sponges are a group of invertebrates rich in microbiomes due to their role as filter feeders in the ocean. This study aimed to identify the microbial communities associated with marine sponges from the coastal watersof Tulamben, Bali, and to evaluate their potential metabolic functions. The methods included 16S rRNA analysis using the QIIME2 platform, with visualization performed through the ampvis2 package in RStudio. The results revealed the dominance of the taxa Rhodobacteraceae, Caldilineaceae, and Nitrosopumilaceae. The highest a-diversity (Shannon index) was observed in the Batu Lumbang sample. The predicted metabolic functions indicated the abundance of key enzymes such as NADH:ubiquinone reductase, FabG, DNA polymerase, and glutathione S-transferase, which play essential roles in respiration, fatty acid biosynthesis, DNA synthesis, and detoxification. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172184 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z