Formulasi Minuman Susu Asam Siap Minum Menggunakan Lemak Pengganti Minyak Sawit Merah.
Abstract
Utilization of red palm oil (RPO) in acidified milk beverage formulation was one of the efforts to increase the value addition in RPO. Acidified milk beverage was selected due to its potency to become a trend of healthy product. The objective of this research was to obtain a formula of acidified milk beverage product with good stability, acceptability, and still maintained its carotenoid content. This research consisted of six steps, i.e (1) characterization of the raw material, (2) determination of acidified milk formula, (3) determination of emulsifier concentration, (4) determination of stabilizer concentration, (5) organoleptic test, and (6) characterization of selected acidified milk beverage product. Ingredients formulation based on the analysis of raw materials characterization consist of 3.14% RPO, 8.78% skimmed milk powder, and 88.08% water. Treatments in emulsifier concentration of soy lecithin and Tween 80 was about 0.2% and 0.5%, with emulsion stability as its response. Concentration of 0.2% emulsifier was chosen due to its highest emulsion stability, with significant difference to other treatments at the level of 0.05. Concentration of stabilizer CMC used were 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%. The responses measured were the viscosity, visual stabillity, emulsion stability by centrifugation method, and microscopic appearance of emulsion droplets. Based on ANOVA, sigificant difference for each treatments at the level of 0.05 was observed. According to the viscosity test results, it was chosen 0.1% of CMC because its viscosity value belong to viscosity value of acidified milk commercial. Organoleptic test results showed that aroma of RPO in final products were less detectable. Acidified milk beverage with mango flavor was accepted better than acified milk beverage with pineapple flavor. Total carotene in the 100 mL final product after process could be maintained high with carotene retention of 90.47% as much as 820.58 ppm of total carotene. Acidified milk beverage accepted as high carotene product on 2 days storage for general and 8 days storage for children.