Sebaran Spasial dan Temporal Oksigen Terlarut dan Nutrien pada Perairan Sungai Ciliwung, DKI Jakarta
Abstract
Masukan limbah organik dan anorganik dari kegiatan antropogenik di sekitar sungai berpotensi menyebabkan penurunan kualitas perairan dan pengayaan nutrien. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan sebaran oksigen terlarut dan nutrien (amonia, nitrit, nitrat, nitrogen total, dan fosfat total) di Sungai Ciliwung, DKI Jakarta, secara spasial dan temporal. Pemantauan kualitas air dilakukan pada bulan Februari-September 2021 dari 18 stasiun pengamatan. Secara spasial, kandungan oksigen Sungai Ciliwung tergolong rendah di Jakarta Pusat dan Jakarta Utara, kandungan nitrogen total, nitrat, dan fosfat total memenuhi baku mutu di seluruh wilayah sungai, sementara kandungan amonia dan nitrit cenderung tinggi dan tidak memenuhi baku mutu di seluruh wilayah Sungai Ciliwung, DKI Jakarta. Secara temporal, konsentrasi oksigen terlarut, nitrit, nitrogen total, dan fosfat total cenderung tidak berbeda antarmusim, sedangkan konsentrasi amonia lebih tinggi di musim kemarau dan nitrat lebih tinggi di musim hujan. Status kualitas air Sungai Ciliwung, DKI Jakarta, berada pada kondisi tercemar sedang hingga berat. The input of organic and inorganic waste from anthropogenic activities around the river causes a decrease in water quality and nutrient enrichment. This study aims to analyze and describe the distribution of dissolved oxygen and nutrients (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total nitrogen, and total phosphate) in the Ciliwung River, DKI Jakarta, spatially and temporally. Water quality monitoring was carried out in February-September 2021 from 18 observation stations. Spatially, the oxygen content of the Ciliwung River is low in Central Jakarta and North Jakarta, the total nitrogen, nitrate, and total phosphate content meets the quality standards in the entire river area, while the ammonia and nitrite content tend to be high and do not meet the quality standards in the entire Ciliwung River area, DKI Jakarta. Temporally, concentrations of dissolved oxygen, nitrite, total nitrogen, and total phosphate tended not to differ between seasons, while ammonia concentrations were higher in the dry season and nitrate was higher in the rainy season. The water quality status of the Ciliwung River, DKI Jakarta, is in moderate to extremely polluted condition.