| dc.description.abstract | Seed vigor is one of the seed parameters that determine the quality of seed for
successful crop production. ISTA congress of 1995 adopted the definition of seed vigor
as "the sum total of those properties of the seed which determine the level of activity
and performance of the seed or seed lot during germination and seedling emergence".
Seed deterioration resulting from production and storage factors is the major cause of
the differences in seed vigor that results in low seedling emergence.
This research was conducted from January 2021 to February 2022, intending to
develop a rapid soybean vigor test using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper(USAP), and it
was composed of three experiments. Twelve soybean seeds lots/ varieties were
obtained from Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic
Resource Research and Development(ICABIOGRAD) used only for experiment 3.
Experiment 1 was to determine seed moisture content and soaking period for USAP,
whereas experiment 2 was to optimize the soaking period by seed number. Soybean
seeds of the Biosoy1 variety consisted of three levels (low, medium, and high viability
with 35%, 64%, and 94% germination percentages, respectively) were used for the
first and second experiments. Experiment 3 was conducted for comparing USAP with
other seed quality tests by analyzing correlation and regression by using twelve
soybean seeds lots/ varieties.
The first experiment determined moisture content and soaking period for the
USAP seed vigor test. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one
factor as the combination of three seed lots, two levels of seed moisture content (10-
12% and 13-14%), and four levels of the soaking period (0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The
second experiment was the optimization of the soaking period by seed number. It was
arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor: combinations of three
seed lots, three levels of seed numbers (50, 75, and 100 seeds), and the soaking period
(four levels as 0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The data were analyzed statistically by the
Minitab software. The result showed that both combinations of 10-12% and 13-14%
moisture content with the soaking period of 10 hours effectively differentiated the
three seed lots into two vigor levels using USAP. Experiment 2 optimized the soaking
period from 10 hours to 8 hours using 100 seeds. The USAP test showed a high
negative correlation with germination percentage (r = -0.95), vigor index (r = -0.98.),
mean germination time (r = -0.96), radicle emergence (r = -0.94), and a high positive
correlation with electrical conductivity (r =0.88).The USAP method was only
successful in differentiating the low vigor seed lot from both medium and high vigor
ones, mainly based on protein leakage concentration on USAP. However, USAP was
not effective to differentiate soybean seed lots based on the leakage of sugar or pH
color changes. The color changes from pale yellow-green for higher vigor seed lot to
light greenish-blue for low vigor. The USAP was effective for the soybean vigor test
for the seed lot with 10-14% moisture content by soaking 100 seeds into 50 ml of
distilled water for 8 hours. The USAP is a promising rapid vigor test method but needs
further development. | id |
